(a) Interpretation: The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined. Concept Introduction: On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium. Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium. Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 8

TL=2740∘CTS=2620∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2740−2620=120∘C

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 8

TL=2740∘CTS=2620∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2740−2620=120∘C

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 8

TL=2740∘CTS=2620∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2740−2620=120∘C

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 8

TL=2740∘CTS=2620∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2740−2620=120∘C

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 8

TL=2740∘CTS=2620∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2740−2620=120∘C

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 30 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2350∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2160∘C

Freezing range, FR=190∘C

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 1

For NiO- 30 mol% MgO, the straight line from 30 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 2

TL=2350∘CTS=2160∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2350−2160=190∘C

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 45 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2460∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2250∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 3

For NiO- 45 mol% MgO, the straight line from 45 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 4

TL=2460∘CTS=2250∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2460−2250=210∘C

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Answer 21

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 60 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Answer 22

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2590∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2380∘C

Freezing range, FR=210∘C

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 5

For NiO- 60 mol% MgO, the straight line from 60 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 6

TL=2590∘CTS=2380∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2590−2380=210∘C

Answer 27

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 8

TL=2740∘CTS=2620∘C

The freezing range (FR) for this ceramic composition will be:

FR=TL−TS=2740−2620=120∘C

Answer 28

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The liquidus temperature, solidus temperature, and freezing range for NiO- 85 mol% MgO ceramic composition are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase. The temperature at this curve is minimum known as solidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Freezing range for an alloy is the difference of the liquidus and the solidus temperature of an alloy. In this range, the alloy melt starts to crystallize at liquidus temperature and solidifies when reaches solidus temperature.

Answer 29

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 10.44P

Liquidus temperature, TL=2740∘C

Solidus temperature, TS=2620∘C

Freezing range, FR=120∘C

Answer 30

Expert Solution

Answer 31

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

The equilibrium phase diagram for the NiO-MgO system is shown below as:

Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering, Chapter 10, Problem 10.44P , additional homework tip 7

For NiO- 85 mol% MgO, the straight line from 85 mol% is drawn as shown. Liquidus temperature (TL) is represented by point 'a' where the line touches the upper curve. Solidus temperature (TS) is represented by point 'b' where the line touches the lower curve.