(a) Interpretation: The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined. Concept Introduction: On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Question

. The average soil weights for a clay are the following: 2,050 pounds in Loose CY, 2,675pounds in Bank CY, and 2,835 pounds in Compacted CY What is the swell percentage for theclay?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature when first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The composition of the phases present, and their amounts for Bi-60 wt% Sb at 450∘C are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is the maximum temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Amount of each phase in wt% is calculated using lever rule. At a particular temperature and alloy composition, a tie line is drawn on the phase diagram of the alloy between the solidus and liquidus curve. Then the portion of the lever opposite to the phase whose amount is to be calculated is considered in the formula used as:

Phase wt%=opposite arm of levertotal length of the tie line×100 ...... (2)

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature when last liquid is solidified when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

On the temperature-composition graph of an alloy, the curve above which the alloy exist in the liquid phase is the liquidus curve. The temperature at this curve is maximum known as liquidus temperature at which the crystals in the alloy can coexist with its melt in the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solidus curve is the locus of the temperature on the temperature composition graph of an alloy, beyond which the alloy is completely in solid phase.

Between the solidus and liquidus curve, the alloy exits in a slurry form in which there is both crystals as well as alloy melt.

Solidus temperature is always less than or equal to the liquidus temperature.

Answer 12

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Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the temperature at which first solid nucleus is formed when Bi-60 wt% Sb alloy is cooled is the liquidus temperature.

Chapter 10 Solutions