VI. Unifying themes of major receptor superfamilies: Provide and explain 2 examples of each of the following processes, making reference to ion channels, G-coupled protein receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors and/or nuclear receptors. You can provide examples from different receptors types for different processes a) How binding of an agonist to its receptor initiates a pharmacodynamic response at the receptor-ligand level (biochemical/molecular level). b) How receptor activation initiates intracellular signaling pathways and/or effector molecules (cellular mechanism). c) How receptors and/or receptor-mediated signaling are down-regulated following continued activation by an endogenous or xenobiotic agonist (desensitization). d) How different types of receptors within the same family can, despite a high degree of homology and shared functionality, generate distinct pharmacodynamic effects (i.e. modulate different signaling pathways in different ways or in different cells/tissues).

VI. Unifying themes of major receptor superfamilies: Provide and explain 2 examples of each of the following processes, making reference to ion channels, G-coupled protein receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors and/or nuclear receptors. You can provide examples from different receptors types for different processes a) How binding of an agonist to its receptor initiates a pharmacodynamic response at the receptor-ligand level (biochemical/molecular level). b) How receptor activation initiates intracellular signaling pathways and/or effector molecules (cellular mechanism). c) How receptors and/or receptor-mediated signaling are down-regulated following continued activation by an endogenous or xenobiotic agonist (desensitization). d) How different types of receptors within the same family can, despite a high degree of homology and shared functionality, generate distinct pharmacodynamic effects (i.e. modulate different signaling pathways in different ways or in different cells/tissues).

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter9: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11TYK: Discuss Concepts Describe the possible ways in which a G-proteincoupled receptor pathway could...

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2. Complete the following table summarizing the 4 major types of xenobiotic receptor targets discussed in class and their generalized characteristics. lon channel Cellular localization Effect of agonist binding to the receptor Major effector molecules or downstream targets (if required) Example mechanism of receptor down- or up-regulation Cell membrane Neuromuscular junctions and neuronal synapses G-coupled Protein Receptor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Nuclear Receptor Receptor changes conformation, intracellular domain recruits/activates G- protein DNA hormone response element – regulates transcription of targeted genes Provide a specific example of this type of receptor Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Down-regulation: continued activation leads to auto- phosphorylation of intracellular domains, promoting ubiquitination that targets receptors for proteosomal degradation
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