The AG of hydrolysis of a sugar phosphate (S-O-P) to the free sugar (S-OH) is -26.6kJ/mol in a hypothetical cell in which the steady-state concentrations of sugarphosphate, free sugar, and inorganic phosphate are 1.0 mM, 0.20 mM, and 50.0 mM,respectively.S-O-P + H2O <====> S-OH + Pi(a) What is the AG°' for this reaction?(b) In the cell, S-O-P is formed by the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP. Whatwould the AG be for the transfer of the g-phosphate from ATP to this sugar (S-OH)?[AG for ATP hydrolysis is -31 kJ/mol.]

Solution:Part (a): Determining ΔG′ for the reactionThe equation for Gibbs free energy under…

Answered: The AG of hydrolysis of a sugar…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter26: Synthesis And Degradation Of Nucleotides

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10P

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The AG" of hydrolysis (ATP + H2O --> ADP + Pi) is -31.0 kJ/mol. Answer the following questions assuming that the steady-state concentrations in the cell are as indicated below. (Note: Steady-state refers to a non-equilibrium situation that exists due to a balance between reactions that supply and remove these substances.) [ADP] = 0.40 mM, [ATP] = 4.0 mM, and [Pi] = 40.0 mM a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction. b) What would the AG' for ATP hydrolysis be in the cell? c) Is this reaction at equilibrium in the cell? Briefly explain your answer.
Fumerase catalyzes the conversion of fumerate to malate. fumerate + H2O ⇋ malate The turnover number, kcat, for fumerase is 8.00×102 sec-1. The Km of this enzyme for fumerate is 5.00×10-3 μmol mL-1. a In an experiment using 2.00×10-3 μmol·mL-1, what is Vmax?
Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential for Ca2 and for C1 from the following sets of data: a. Given [ Ca2+ ]0=1mM,[ Ca2+ ]i=100nM, find Eca2+ b. Given [ Cl- ]0=110mM,[ Cl- ]i=100mM, find Ecl
b. Compounds A, B, C, and D are known to be intermediates in the pathway for production of protein E. To determine where the block in protein-E production occurred in each individual, the various intermediates were given to each individuals cel Is in culture. After a few weeks of growth with the intermediate, the cells were assayed for the production of protein E. The results for each individuals cells are given in the following table. A plus sign means that protein E was produced after the cells were given the intermediate listed at the top of the column. A minus sign means that the cells still could not produce protein E even after being exposed to the intermediate at the top of the column. Denote the point in the pathway in which each individual is blocked.
a. Compounds A, B, C, and D are known to be intermediates in the pathway for production of protein E. To determine where the block in protein-E production occurred in each individual, the various intermediates were given to each individuals cel Is in culture. After a few weeks of growth with the intermediate, the cells were assayed for the production of protein E. The results for each individuals cells are given in the following table. A plus sign means that protein E was produced after the cells were given the intermediate listed at the top of the column. A minus sign means that the cells still could not produce protein E even after being exposed to the intermediate at the top of the column. Draw the pathway leading to the production of protein E.
Nearly all organisms on Earth carry out some form of glycolysis. How does this fact support or not support the assertion that glycolysis is one of the oldest metabolic pathways?
Do you think that the Ea for ATP hydrolysis is relatively low or high? Explain your reasoning.
Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class I Aldolases Fructose bisphosphate aldolase in animal muscle is a class 1 aldolase, which forms a Schiff base intermediate between substrate (for example. fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and a lysine at the active site (see Figure I8.12). The chemical evidence for this intermediate conies from studies with aldolase and the reducing agent sodium borohydride, NaBH4. Incubation of the enzyme with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NaBH4 inactivates the enzyme. Interestingly, no inactivation is observed if NabH4 is added to the enzyme in the absence of substrate. Write a mechanism that explains these observations and provides evidence for the formation of a Schiff base intermediate in the aldolase reaction.
The energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is primarily stored between the alpha and beta phosphates equal to -57 kcal/mol harnessed as heat energy by the cell to perform work providing energy to coupled reactions
Allosteric Regulation of Ribonucleotide Reductase by ATP and Deoxynucleotides Describe the underlying rationale for the regulatory effects exerted on ribonucleotide reductase by ATP, dATP, dTTP, and dGTP.
Using the ActiveModel for phosphofructokinase (Trypanosoma), describe the difference between the APO1, AP02, and holoenzyme conformations.
Using the ActiveModel for aldose reductase, describe the structure of the TIM barrel motif and the structure and location of the active site.

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