In a molecule of taurocholic acid, the number of attachments to the steroid nucleus has to be predicted. Concept introduction: There are two types of bile acids: simple and complexed. When a small amino group is attached to the carboxyl group of side chain present at carbon 17 through an amide linkage, then the free bile acids get converted into more complex bile acid.
In a molecule of taurocholic acid, the number of attachments to the steroid nucleus has to be predicted. Concept introduction: There are two types of bile acids: simple and complexed. When a small amino group is attached to the carboxyl group of side chain present at carbon 17 through an amide linkage, then the free bile acids get converted into more complex bile acid.
Solution Summary: The author explains that a molecule of taurocholic acid has 6 attachments to the steroid nucleus.
Definition Definition Group of atoms that shape the chemical characteristics of a molecule. The behavior of a functional group is uniform in undergoing comparable chemical reactions, regardless of the other constituents of the molecule. Functional groups aid in the classification and anticipation of reactivity of organic molecules.
Chapter 8, Problem 8.122EP
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: In a molecule of taurocholic acid, the number of attachments to the steroid nucleus has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: There are two types of bile acids: simple and complexed. When a small amino group is attached to the carboxyl group of side chain present at carbon 17 through an amide linkage, then the free bile acids get converted into more complex bile acid.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: In a molecule of taurocholic acid, the number of different functional groups has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: There are two types of bile acids: simple and complexed. When a small amino group is attached to the carboxyl group of side chain present at carbon 17 through an amide linkage, then the free bile acids get converted into more complex bile acid.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: In a molecule of taurocholic acid, the number of different functional groups has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: There are two types of bile acids: simple and complexed. When a small amino group is attached to the carboxyl group of side chain present at carbon 17 through an amide linkage, then the free bile acids get converted into more complex bile acid.
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: In a molecule of taurocholic acid, the number of different elements has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: There are two types of bile acids: simple and complexed. When a small amino group is attached to the carboxyl group of side chain present at carbon 17 through an amide linkage, then the free bile acids get converted into more complex bile acid.
Laser. Indicate the relationship between metastable state and stimulated emission.
The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are
equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation.
a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have
the same energy and number of particles.
b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate,
show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann
distribution.
macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3
ε/k (K) Populations
Populations
Populations
300
5
3
4
200
7
9
8
100
15
17
16
0
33
31
32
DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1
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