Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134320533
Author: Michael S. Mamlouk, John P. Zaniewski
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 7.32QP
Discuss the significance of the compressive strength test on concrete. What is the typical range of the compressive strength of concrete? Draw a graph to show the relationship between compressive strength and water–cement ratio for different curing times (label all axes and curves).
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers (4th Edition)
Ch. 7 - The design engineer specifies a concrete strength...Ch. 7 - A project specifies a concrete strength of 24.1...Ch. 7 - A project specifies a concrete strength of at...Ch. 7 - What is your recommendation for the maximum size...Ch. 7 - A concrete mix with a 3-in. slump, w/c ratio of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.6QPCh. 7 - You are working on a concrete mix design that...Ch. 7 - Design the concrete mix according to the following...Ch. 7 - Design the concrete mix according to the following...Ch. 7 - The design of a concrete mix requires 1173 kg/m3...
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.11QPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.12QPCh. 7 - Students in the materials lab mixed concrete with...Ch. 7 - Students in the materials lab mixed concrete with...Ch. 7 - Why is it necessary to measure the air content of...Ch. 7 - What do we mean by curing concrete? What will...Ch. 7 - Discuss five different methods of concrete curing.Ch. 7 - Draw a graph showing the typical relation between...Ch. 7 - Why is extra water harmful to fresh concrete, but...Ch. 7 - Discuss the change in volume of concrete at early...Ch. 7 - Discuss the creep response of concrete structures....Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.22QPCh. 7 - On one graph, draw a sketch showing the typical...Ch. 7 - Using Figure 7.34, a. Determine the ultimate...Ch. 7 - Three concrete mixes with the same ingredients,...Ch. 7 - Three concrete mixes with the same ingredients,...Ch. 7 - Three 100 mm 200 mm concrete cylinders with water...Ch. 7 - Students in the materials class prepared three 4 ...Ch. 7 - Three 150 mm 300 mm concrete cylinders with water...Ch. 7 - Three 6 in. 12 in. concrete cylinders with water...Ch. 7 - A normal-weight concrete has an average...Ch. 7 - Discuss the significance of the compressive...Ch. 7 - What is the standard size of PCC specimens to be...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.34QPCh. 7 - What is the purpose of performing the flexure test...Ch. 7 - What are the advantages of using a third-point...Ch. 7 - Consider a standard flexural strength specimen of...Ch. 7 - To evaluate the effect of a certain admixture on...Ch. 7 - To evaluate the effect of a certain admixture on...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.40QPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.41QPCh. 7 - A normal-weight concrete has an average...Ch. 7 - Three batches of concrete were prepared using the...Ch. 7 - Three batches of concrete were prepared using the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.45QPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.46QPCh. 7 - Discuss two nondestructive tests to be performed...Ch. 7 - Discuss the concept of concrete maturity meters.Ch. 7 - Discuss four alternatives that increase the use...Ch. 7 - What is self-consolidating concrete? How are its...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.51QPCh. 7 - Two 6 in. 12 in. concrete cylinders with randomly...Ch. 7 - Discuss the concept of high-performance concrete....Ch. 7 - Comparing PCC with mild steel, answer the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.55QP
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- Three 150 mm * 300 mm concrete cylinders with water to cement ratios of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8, respectively. After curing for 28 days, the specimens were subjected to increments of compressive loads until failure. The load versus deformation results were as shown in Table .Assuming that the gauge length is the whole specimen height, it is required to do the following:a. The compressive stresses and strains for each specimen at each load increment.b. Plot stresses versus strains for all specimens on one graph.c. The ultimate strength for each specimen.d. The modulus of elasticity as the secant modulus at 40% of the ultimate stress for each specimen. e. The strain at failure for each specimen.f. The toughness for each specimen. g. Comment on the effect of increasing the water–cement ratio on the following:i. Ultimate strengthii. Modulus of elasticityiii. Ductilityiv. Toughness. Curves may be approximated with a series of straight lines.arrow_forwardEstimate the modulus of elasticity and the shear modulus of a concrete specimen with a dry density of 150 pcf (2400 kg/m3) and compressive strength of 4500 psi (31MPa) using Poisson’s ratio, ? =0.18.arrow_forwardObjective Questions : Answer the following question briefly. 1. How do you test flexural strength ? 2. How do you conduct the flexural strength of concrete ? Show a sketch. 3. What are the factors affecting flexural tests? 4. What is the importance of flexural strength in concrete? 5. What does the higher flexural modulus mean ? 6. How do you calculate the flexural strength of concrete?. 7. Why is flexure test two point loading.?arrow_forward
- Chapter 13 Question: What is the elasticity of concrete for a normal weight mix (unit weight equal to 150 pcf) with a compressive strength of 5,000 psi? O 3.644 ksi O 4.074 ksi 4,287 ksi O 3.976 ksi O 3,834 ksiarrow_forward150 mm * 300 mm concrete cylinders were made of the same batch and sepa- rated at random to six equal groups. The six groups of cylinders were sub- merged in water for different times before testing for compressive strength and the results are shown in Table P7.39. It is required to do the following: a. Determine the compressive strength at different curing times. b. Using an Excel sheet, plot the relationship between curing time and compressive strength. Label all axes and curves. c. Comment on the effect of curing time on the compressive strength. d. What is the approximate ratio between the compressive strengths at 7 days and 28 days? e. What is the approximate ratio between the compressive strengths at 28 days and 180 days?arrow_forwardThe results of a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of a plasticizer are shown.a. Calculate the water/cement in each of the three cases. b. Choose an appropriate case that - by using water reducer, how can we increase the compressive strength of concrete without changing workability? (Refer to the appropriate case in the table) c. Choose an appropriate case that - by using a water reducer, how can we improve workability without changingthe compressive strength? (Refer to the appropriate case in the table)d. Choose an appropriate case that - by using water reducer, how can we reduce cost without changing workability or strength? (Refer to the appropriate case in the table)arrow_forward
- 6.32 The results of an experiment to evaluate the effects of a water reducer are shown in Table P6.32. a. Calculate the water-cement ratio in each of the three cases. b. Using water reducer, how can we increase the compressive strength of concrete without changing workability? Refer to the appropriate case in the table. Chapter 6 Portland Cement, Mixing Water, and Admixtures c. Using water reducer, how can we improve workability without changing the compressive strength? Refer to the appropriate case in the table. d. Using water reducer, how can we reduce cost without changing workability or strength? (Assume that the cost of the small amount of water reducer added is less than the cost of cement.) Refer to the appropriate case in the table. e. Summarize all possible effects of water reducers on concrete. TABLE P6.32 Without Water Reducer With Water Reducer 735 368 2 4,100 Case 1 Case 2 Cement content, lb/yd³ Water content,* lb/yd³ Slump, inches 28-Day compressive strength, psi *Assume…arrow_forwardPlease give me both a and b answers a. If a concrete with 28 day compressive strength of 4500 psi is being poured, then it how much strength would you expect after 7 days(assuming good curing conditions)? Explain how you obtain the 7 day strength? b. Briefly explain the effect of water to cement ratio on concrete strength?arrow_forwardCompare and discuss the microstructural characteristics of the materials. MERICA FIGURE A.15 Concrete microstructure using optical microscope. FIGURE A.16 Viewing concrete specimen with an optical microscope.arrow_forward
- Discuss the concept of concrete maturity meters.arrow_forward6.31 The results of a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of a plasticizer are shown below. a. Calculate the water/cement in each of the three cases. b. Using water reducer, how can we increase the compressive strength of con- crete without changing workability? Refer to the appropriate case in the table. 244 Chapter 6 Portland Cement, Mixing Water, and Admixtures With Water Reducer Without Water Reducer Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Cement Content, kg/m 850 850 850 765 Water Content, kg/m Slump, mm Compressive Strength, MPa 465 465 370 419 50 100 50 50 37.8 38.0 46 37.9 c. Using water reducer, how can we improve workability without channging the compressive strength? Refer to the appropriate case in the table. d. Using water reducer, how can we reduce cost without changing workability or strength? (Assume that the cost of the small amount of water reducer added is less than the cost of cement.) Refer to the appropriate case in the table. Summarize all possible effects of water…arrow_forward11. Calculate the density (in kg/m³) and the compressive strength of the concrete (in MPa or N/mm?) for all samples from each type. Why the strength is different between the cubes and the cylinders? explain Cubic Sample of 100 mm Weight (kg) Load (kN) 1 2.52 655.8 2.59 670.9 3 2.47 675.9 Cubic Sample of 150 mm 1 8.43 1485 8.61 1492 3 8.53 1498 Cylindrical sample of 100×200 1 3.94 457.5 2 3.75 430.0 3 3.83 413.8 Cylindrical sample of 150×300 1 12.86 1056 13.0 1005 3 13.12 1020arrow_forward
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