(a)
Interpretation:
The larger ion among the element of period 2, group 1; or the element of period 3, group 18 should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as
(a)

Answer to Problem 19PP
Element of period 2, group 1 that is
Explanation of Solution
As per modern periodic table, the element with period 2, group 1 is
In a period, as we move to the left, atomic radii decreases as new electrons by unity are added into the same principal energy level and there occurs no electrons between nucleus and valence electron for shielding. So
(b)
Interpretation:
The larger ion among the element of period 5, group 2; or the element of period 3, group 16 should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as
(b)

Answer to Problem 19PP
Element of period 5, group 2 that is
Explanation of Solution
As per modern periodic table, the element with period 5, group 2 is
In a period, as we move to the left, atomic radii decreases as new electrons by unity are added into the same principal energy level and there occurs no electrons between nucleus and valence electron for shielding, whereas as we go down the group, atomic size increases as nuclear charge on valence electron decreases due to new shell that is introduced between nucleus and valence electrons and hence the intervening electron. So,
(c)
Interpretation:
The larger ion among the element of period 3, group 14; or the element of period 6, group 15 should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as
(c)

Answer to Problem 19PP
The element of period 3, group 14 that is
Explanation of Solution
As per modern periodic table, the element with period 3, group 14 is
In a period, as we move to the left, atomic radii decreases as new electrons by unity are added into the same principal energy level and there occurs no electrons between nucleus and valence electron for shielding, whereas as we go down the group, atomic size increases as nuclear charge on valence electron decreases due to new shell that is introduced between nucleus and valence electrons and hence the intervening electron. So
(d)
Interpretation:
The larger ion among the element of period 4, group 18; or the element of period 2, group 16 should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as
(d)

Answer to Problem 19PP
The element of period 4, group 18 that is
Explanation of Solution
As per modern periodic table, the element with period 4, group 18 is
In a period, as we move to the left, atomic radii decreases as new electrons by unity are added into the same principal energy level and there occurs no electrons between nucleus and valence electron for shielding, whereas as we go down the group, atomic size increases as nuclear charge on valence electron decreases due to new shell that is introduced between nucleus and valence electrons and hence the intervening electron. So,
Chapter 6 Solutions
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (9th Edition)
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
- Consider the following two acid-base reactions: OH OHI Based on what you know about the compounds and their acidity, which direction would you expect both of these reactions to proceed? Show your reasoning. A pKa table has been provided in case you need it. Functional group Example pka CHA -50 Alkane -35 Amine : NH3 Alkyne RH 25 Water HO-H 169 16 10 Protonated amines NH 10 5 Carboxylic acids OH Hydrochloric acid HCI A chemist intends to run the following reaction on the three substrates shown below: H₂O R-CI product room temp. Cl Cl (1) (2) (3) They find one will react quickly, one slowly, and one will not react at all. Which is which, and why? HINT: What is the reaction they're trying to do? Does that mechanism tell you anything about why something would be favored?arrow_forwardNH3 decomposes through an equilibrium reaction between NH3, H2, and N2. Only one of the options is correct:(A). The mechanism of the NH3 decomposition reaction must necessarily involve the collision of two NH3 molecules to induce a rearrangement of the atoms in this molecule.(B). The molecular weight of the NH3 decomposition reaction is 2 since two NH3 molecules must collide.(C). The rate of the NH3 decomposition reaction must be greater than that of NH3 synthesis, since the former requires two molecules to collide and the latter, four.(D). The NH3 decomposition reaction cannot occur in a single step.arrow_forwardGiven the equilibrium A2 + B2 ⇌ 2 AB where k1 is the rate coefficient of the forward reaction and k-1 is the rate coefficient of the reverse reaction, with the forward reaction being first-order in A2 and B2, and the reverse reaction being second-order in AB. Equilibrium will be reached later if the relative values of the constants are:(A) k1 high and k-1 high(B) k1 high and k-1 low(C) k1 low and k-1 high(D) k1 low and k-1 lowarrow_forward
- A 2-step reaction has the following mechanism: | 1. (fast) R2 R+R 2. (slow) R+Q K₂ P k_1 What series does it have? (A). v= - = (k + k1 − k-1)[R2][Q] (B). v=-k₁[R₂] + k₁[R]² - k₂[R][Q] (C). v=k₂[R]²[Q]² (D). v = k[R₂]1/2[Q]arrow_forwardSteps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forwardSteps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forward
- Steps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forwardSteps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forwardSteps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forward
- Steps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forwardLabel the α and ẞ carbons in each alkyl halide. Draw all possible elimination products formed when each alkyl halide is treated with K-OC(CH3), b. ان Brarrow_forwardSuppose a reaction has the following mechanism:A + B → C + D C + C → F F + B → A + A + GIt is known that C is a reaction intermediate. Of the following options, indicate which are true:1. The overall reaction could be 3B → 2D + G.2. A could be a catalyst.3. C is the only intermediate that can exist.arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





