Chapter 6, Problem 49A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether within a group, the element with larger atomic number that other will have larger or smaller atomic radius that the other needs to be determined using examples.

Concept introduction:

The atomic radius of a particular element is the measure of the atoms size. It can also be defined as the distance between the nucleus of the element to its boundary.

Answer to Problem 49A

The element with larger atomic number in a group will have larger atomic radius.

Explanation of Solution

As an example, considering group 17 elements fluorine and bromine. Fluorine has atomic number 9 and bromine has atomic number 36. On moving down a group from top to bottom, the atomic size increases.

The number of protons and electrons increases as the atomic number increases down a group. Also, an extra shell is added around the nucleus which results in increase in the overall size of the atom.

Therefore, Br has a larger atomic radius than F.

Conclusion

As on moving in a group from top to bottom, an extra shell around the nucleus is added and atomic number increases thus, the element with the larger atomic number will have larger atomic radius.