Chapter 6, Problem 18STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the first statement and second statement is correct or not needs to be determined. Whether the second statement is the correct explanation for the first statement needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Rutherford conducted scattering experiment of alpha particles. When a beam of alpha particle is allowed to pass through a gold foil, some particles were seen to deflect back. Rutherford concluded that the atoms with positive charge are located centrally in the nucleus and the electrons in the atoms are binded by attractive forces.

Answer to Problem 18STP

Both the first and second statements are true and the second statement is the correct explanation of the first statement.

Explanation of Solution

The first statement is given that many particles pass through the foil. Rutherford concluded that an alpha-particle consists of protons and neutrons and it passes freely though a straight path in the absence of the repulsive forces hence, the statement is true.

The second statement states that the atoms are made of protons, neutrons and electrons. An atom consists of charge protons that is surrounded by negatively charged electrons. As majority of the volume of atom is due to the electrons, the particles pass through the foil. Hence, this statement is correct explanation for the first statement.

Conclusion

From the Rutherford explanation it can be concluded that both the first and second statements are true and the second statement is the correct explanation of the first statement.