Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective (3rd Edition)
Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134092669
Author: Bryant, Randal E. Bryant, David R. O'Hallaron, David R., Randal E.; O'Hallaron, Bryant/O'hallaron
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4.1, Problem 4.3PP

Explanation of Solution

Given assembly code:

long sum(long *start, long count)

start in %rdi, count in %rsi

sum:

irmovq $8, %r8

irmovq $1, %r9

xorq %rax, %rax

andq %rsi, %rsi

jmp test

loop:

mrmovq (%rdi), %r10

addq %r10, %rax

addq %r8, %rdi

subq %r9, %rsi

test:

jne loop

ret

Data movement instructions:

  • The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.
  • The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.
  • The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.
  • The class has 4 instructions that includes:
    • movb:
      • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
      • It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.
    • movw: 
      • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
      • It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.
    • movl:
      • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
      • It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.
    • movq:
      • It copies data from a source location to a destination.
      • It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

Unary and Binary Operations:

  • The details of unary operations includes:
    • The single operand functions as both source as well as destination.
    • It can either be a memory location or a register.
    • The instruction “incq” causes 8 byte element on stack top to be incremented.
    • The instruction “decq” causes 8 byte element on stack top to be decremented.
  • The details of binary operations includes:
    • The first operand denotes the source.
    • The second operand works as both source as well as destination.
    • The first operand can either be an immediate value, memory location or register.
    • The second operand can either be a register or a memory location...

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[5 marks] Give a recursive definition for the language anb2n where n = 1, 2, 3, ... over the alphabet Ó={a, b}. 2) [12 marks] Consider the following languages over the alphabet ƒ={a ,b}, (i) The language of all words that begin and end an a (ii) The language where every a in a word is immediately followed by at least one b. (a) Express each as a Regular Expression (b) Draw an FA for each language (c) For Language (i), draw a TG using at most 3 states (d) For Language (ii), construct a CFG.
Question 1 Generate a random sample of standard lognormal data (rlnorm()) for sample size n = 100. Construct histogram estimates of density for this sample using Sturges’ Rule, Scott’s Normal Reference Rule, and the FD Rule. Question 2 Construct a frequency polygon density estimate for the sample in Question 1, using bin width determined by Sturges’ Rule.
Generate a random sample of standard lognormal data (rlnorm()) for sample size n = 100. Construct histogram estimates of density for this sample using Sturges’ Rule, Scott’s Normal Reference Rule, and the FD Rule.

Chapter 4 Solutions

Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective (3rd Edition)

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