Chapter 4, Problem 39QAP

How many protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of each of the following atoms? Assuming each atom is uncharged, how many electrons are present?

a. ${}_{56}^{130}\text{Ba}$   c . ${}_{22}^{46}\text{Ti}$   e. ${}_3^6\text{Li}$

b. ${}_{56}^{136}\text{Ba}$   d. ${}_{22}^{48}\text{Ti}$   f. ${}_3^7\text{Li}$

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Determine the number of protons, neutron and electron in the given atom.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 39QAP

The number of protons, neutron and electron in $\text{B}\text{a}$ atom is 56, 74 and 56 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

The given atomic symbol is as follows:

$\text{B}\text{a}$

Calculation:

Comparing the given atomic symbol with the following:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Z = atomic number of any element = Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom

Thus, atomic number = 56

Also, number of protons = number of electrons = 56

A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons

Therefore,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of neutrons = mass number}-\text{ number of protons}\\ \text{ = 130 }-56\\ \text{ = 74 }\end{array}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Determine the number of protons, neutron and electron in the given atom.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 39QAP

The number of protons, neutron and electron in $\text{B}\text{a}$ atom is 56, 80 and 56 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

$\text{B}\text{a}$

Calculation:

Z = atomic number of any element = Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom

Atomic number = 56

Therefore;

Number of protons = number of electrons = 56

A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons

Therefore,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of neutrons = mass number}-\text{ number of protons}\\ \text{ = 136 }-56\\ \text{ = 80 }\end{array}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Determine the number of protons, neutron and electron in the given atom.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 39QAP

The number of protons, neutron and electron in $\text{T}\text{i}$ atom is 22, 24 and 22 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

$\text{T}\text{i}$

Calculation:

Z = atomic number of any element = Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom

Atomic number = 22

Therefore;

Number of protons = number of electrons = 22

A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons

Therefore,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of neutrons = mass number}-\text{ number of protons}\\ \text{ = }46-22\\ \text{ = 24 }\end{array}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Determine the number of protons, neutron and electron in the given atom.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 39QAP

The number of protons, neutron and electron in $\text{T}\text{i}$ atom is 22, 26 and 22 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

$\text{T}\text{i}$

Calculation:

Z = atomic number of any element = Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom

Atomic number = 22

Therefore;

Number of protons = number of electrons = 22

A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons

Therefore,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of neutrons = mass number}-\text{ number of protons}\\ \text{ = }48-22\\ \text{ = 26 }\end{array}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Determine the number of protons, neutron and electron in the given atom.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 39QAP

The number of protons, neutron and electron in $\text{L}\text{i}$ atom is 3, 3 and 3 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

$\text{L}\text{i}$

Calculation:

Z = atomic number of any element = Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom

Atomic number = 3

Therefore;

Number of protons = number of electrons = 3

A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons

Therefore,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of neutrons = mass number}-\text{ number of protons}\\ \text{ = }6-3\\ \text{ = 3}\end{array}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Determine the number of protons, neutron and electron in the given atom.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic symbol notation is as follows:

${\text{Atomic Symbol}}^{\text{Charge},+/-}$

Here A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons, Z = atomic number of any element which is also indicates Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom.

Answer to Problem 39QAP

The number of protons, neutron and electron in $\text{L}\text{i}$ atom is 3, 4 and 3 respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

$\text{L}\text{i}$

Calculation:

Z = atomic number of any element = Number of protons or number of electrons in the given atom

Atomic number = 3

Therefore;

Number of protons = number of electrons = 3

A = mass number which is equal to the total number of protons + number of neutrons

Therefore,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of neutrons = mass number}-\text{ number of protons}\\ \text{ = }7-3\\ \text{ = 4}\end{array}$.