Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199030
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 20ALQ
Both atomic elements and molecular elements exist. Are there such entities as atomic compounds and molecular compounds? If so, provide an example and microscopic drawing. If not, explain why not.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 4 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Ch. 4.4 - Exercise 4.1 Write the formula for each of the...Ch. 4.5 - The average diameter of an atom ¡s1.31010 m. What...Ch. 4.5 - You have learned about three different models of...Ch. 4.7 - Exercise 4.2 Give the number of protons, neutrons,...Ch. 4.7 - Exercise 4.3 Give the number of protons, neutrons,...Ch. 4.7 - Exercise 4.4 Give the symbol for the phosphorus...Ch. 4.8 - Exercise 4.5 Give the symbol and atomic number for...Ch. 4.11 - Thomson and Rutherford helped to show that atoms...Ch. 4.11 - Prob. 4.6SCCh. 4 - Knowing the number of protons in the atom of a...
Ch. 4 - The average mass of a carbon atom is 12.011....Ch. 4 - Prob. 3ALQCh. 4 - Prob. 4ALQCh. 4 - The vitamin niacin (nicotinic acid,C6H5NO2 ) can...Ch. 4 - One of the best indications of a useful theory is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 4 - How does Dalton’s atomic theory account for the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9ALQCh. 4 - These questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson:...Ch. 4 - Heat is applied to an ice cube until only steam is...Ch. 4 - What makes a carbon atom different from a nitrogen...Ch. 4 - Hundreds of years ago, alchemists tried to turn...Ch. 4 - Chlorine has two prominent isotopes,37Cl and35Cl ....Ch. 4 - Prob. 15ALQCh. 4 - Prob. 16ALQCh. 4 - Rutherford was surprised when some of theparticles...Ch. 4 - It is good practice to actively read the textbook...Ch. 4 - Why is the term “sodium chloride molecule”...Ch. 4 - Both atomic elements and molecular elements exist....Ch. 4 - Now that you have gone through Chapter 4, go back...Ch. 4 - Write the formula for each of the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 23ALQCh. 4 - What were the four fundamental substances...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 4 - What are the live most abundant elements (by mass)...Ch. 4 - Read the “Chemistry in Focus” segment Trace...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 4 - The symbols for most elements are based on the...Ch. 4 - Find the symbol in Column 2 for each name in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 4 - Use the periodic table shown in Fig. 4.9 to find...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 4 - A given compound always contains the same...Ch. 4 - Correct each of the following misstatements from...Ch. 4 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 4 - A given compound always contains the same relative...Ch. 4 - Based on the following word descriptions, write...Ch. 4 - Based on the following word descriptions, write...Ch. 4 - Scientists J. J. Thomson and William Thomson (Lord...Ch. 4 - True or false? Rutherford’s bombardment...Ch. 4 - Where are neutrons found in an atom? Are neutrons...Ch. 4 - What are the positively charged particles found in...Ch. 4 - Do the proton and the neutron have exactly the...Ch. 4 - The proton and the (electron/neutron) have almost...Ch. 4 - An average atomic nucleus has a diameter of about...Ch. 4 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 4 - True or false? The mass number of a nucleus...Ch. 4 - For an isolated atom, why do we expect the number...Ch. 4 - Why do we not necessarily expect the number of...Ch. 4 - Dalton’s original atomic theory proposed that all...Ch. 4 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 4 - For each of the following elements, use the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 4 - Write the atomic symbol(ZAX) for each of the...Ch. 4 - Write the atomic symbol(ZAX) for each of the...Ch. 4 - How many protons and neutrons are contained in the...Ch. 4 - Read the Chemistry in Focus” segment “Whair”Do You...Ch. 4 - Read the “Chemistry in Focus” segmentIsotope...Ch. 4 - Complete the following table. Name Symbol Atomic...Ch. 4 - True or false? The elements are arranged in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 4 - List the characteristic physical properties that...Ch. 4 - Where are the metallic elements found on the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 47QAPCh. 4 - List five nonmetallic elements that exist as...Ch. 4 - Under ordinary conditions, only a few pure...Ch. 4 - The elements that lie close to the “stair-step”...Ch. 4 - Prob. 51QAPCh. 4 - Without looking at your textbook or the periodic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 53QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 54QAPCh. 4 - Most substances are composed of _________ rather...Ch. 4 - Prob. 56QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 57QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 58QAPCh. 4 - Molecules of nitrogen gas and oxygen gas are said...Ch. 4 - Give three examples of gaseous elements that exist...Ch. 4 - Prob. 61QAPCh. 4 - If sodium chloride (table salt) is melted and then...Ch. 4 - Prob. 63QAPCh. 4 - The two most common elemental forms of carbon are...Ch. 4 - An isolated atom has a net charge of ________ .Ch. 4 - Prob. 66QAPCh. 4 - A simple ion with a 3+ charge (for example, A13+)...Ch. 4 - An ion that has two more electrons outside the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 69QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 70QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 71QAPCh. 4 - True or false?N3 andP3 contain a different number...Ch. 4 - How many electrons are present in each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 74QAPCh. 4 - For the following processes that show the...Ch. 4 - For the following ions, indicate whether electrons...Ch. 4 - For each of the following atomic numbers, use the...Ch. 4 - On the basis of the element’s location in the...Ch. 4 - List some properties of a substance that would...Ch. 4 - Prob. 80QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 81QAPCh. 4 - Prob. 82QAPCh. 4 - For each of the following positive ions, use the...Ch. 4 - For each of the following negative ions, use the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 85APCh. 4 - Prob. 86APCh. 4 - Prob. 87APCh. 4 - Which of the following is/are true regarding the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 89APCh. 4 - Which subatomic particles contribute most to the...Ch. 4 - Is it possible for the same Iwo elements to form...Ch. 4 - Carbohydrates, a class of compounds containing the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 93APCh. 4 - How many protons and neutrons are contained in the...Ch. 4 - Though the common isotope of aluminum has a mass...Ch. 4 - Prob. 96APCh. 4 - Prob. 97APCh. 4 - What is the symbol for an ion with a 1 — charge....Ch. 4 - Prob. 99APCh. 4 - Prob. 100APCh. 4 - Prob. 101APCh. 4 - A metal ion with a 2+ charge contains 34 neutrons...Ch. 4 - Prob. 103APCh. 4 - Write the simplest formula for each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 105APCh. 4 - Write the atomic symbol(ZAX) for each of the...Ch. 4 - How many protons and neutrons are contained in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 108APCh. 4 - Prob. 109APCh. 4 - Prob. 110APCh. 4 - Prob. 111CPCh. 4 - Prob. 112CPCh. 4 - Complete the following table. Number of Protons...Ch. 4 - Prob. 114CPCh. 4 - Using the periodic table, complete the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 116CPCh. 4 - Which of the following is(are) correct? a.40Ca2+...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- These questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson: From Thomson’s work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important in the formation of compounds (chemical changes) and why? Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds and why? Come up with three models that explain Thomson’s findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson’s findings.arrow_forwardConsider the following data for three binary compounds of hydrogen and nitrogen: %H (by Mass) %N (by Mass) I 17.75 82.25 II 12.58 87.42 III 2.34 97.66 When 1.00 L of each gaseous compound is decomposed to its elements, the following volumes of H2(g) and N2(g) are obtained: H2(L) N2(L) I 1.50 0.50 II 2.00 1.00 III 0.50 1.50 Use these data to determine the molecular formulas of compounds I, II, and III and to determine the relative values for the atomic masses of hydrogen and nitrogen.arrow_forwardThe “Chemistry in Focus” segment Sugar of Lead discusses Pb(C2H3O2)2 , which originally was known as sugar of lead. Why was it called sugar of lead? What is the systematic name for Pb(C2H3O2)2? Why is it necessary to have a system for the naming of chemical compounds?arrow_forward
- Classify the following as compounds or elements: a silver bromide used in photography; b calcium carbonate limestone; c sodium hydroxide lye; d uranium; e tin; f titanium.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about an individual atom? Explain. a. An individual atom should be considered to be a solid. b.An individual atom should be considered to be a liquid. c. An individual atom should be considered to be a gas. d. The state of the atom depends on which element it is. e. An individual atom cannot be considered to be a solid, liquid, or gas. Justify your choice, and for choices you did not pick, explain what is wrong with them.arrow_forwardTwo elements, R and Q, combine to form two binary compounds. In the first compound, 14.0 g of R combines with 3.00 g of Q. In the second compound, 7.00 g of R combines with 4.50 g of Q. Show that these data are in accord with the law of multiple proportions. If the formula of the second compound is RQ, what is the formula of the first compound?arrow_forward
- Each of the following statements is true, but Dalton might have had trouble explaining some of them with his atomic theory. Give explanations for the following statements. a. The space-filling models for ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether are shown below. These two compounds have die same composition by mass (52% carbon, 13% hydrogen, and 35% oxygen), yet the two have different melting points, boiling points, and solubilities in water. b. Burning wood leaves an ash that is only a small fraction of the mass of the original wood. c. Atoms can be broken down into smaller particles. d. One sample of lithium hydride is 87.4% lithium by mass, while another sample of lithium hydride Ls 74.9% lithium by mass. However, the two samples have the same chemical properties.arrow_forwardThe formula of water is If-O. Which of the following is indicated by this formula? Explain your answer. a. The mass of hydrogen is twice that of oxygen in each molecule. b. There are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom per water molecule. c. The mass of oxygen is twice that of hydrogen in each molecule. d. There are two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom per water molecule.arrow_forwardClick on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible.arrow_forward
- Explain the termselement, afoul, and compound. Provide an example and microscopic drawing of each.arrow_forwardCopper atoms. (a) What is the average mass of one copper atom? (b) Students in a college computer science class once sued the college because they were asked to calculate the cost of one atom and could not do it. But you are in a chemistry course, and you can do this. (See E. Felsenthal, Wall Street Journal, May 9, 1995.) If the cost of 2.0-mm diameter copper wire (99.9995% pure] is currently 41.70 for 7.0 g, what is the cost of one copper atom?arrow_forwardSketch a magnified view (showing atoms/molecules) of each of the following and explain: a. a heterogeneous mixture of two different compounds b. a homogeneous mixture of an element and a compoundarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399425
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079250
Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133109655
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Types of Matter: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dggHWvFJ8Xs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY