Chapter 30.2, Problem 19PP

To determine

To Explain:

Nuclear equation for the transmutation of the radioactive lead isotope $Pb$ into radioactive bismuth isotope $Bi$ by emission of $\beta$ particle and an antineutrino.

Answer to Problem 19PP

Nuclear equation for the transmutation of the radioactive lead isotope $Pb$ into radioactive bismuth isotope $Bi$ by emission of $\beta$ particle and an antineutrino is

  

Explanation of Solution

Introduction: Beta decay is a radioactive decay which involves the emission of beta ray from a nucleus of an atom. In the process of beta decay the proton which is present in the nucleus is converted into neutron and this takes place vice versa. If there is transformation of proton to neutron then it is called as Beta $\left(\beta \right)$ decay.

In given example of $Pb$ lead isotope into Bismuth isotope $Bi$

  $\beta$ particle and an antineutrino particle is emitted. The $Pb$ lead isotope undergoes transmutation and emits beta particles Bismuth $Bi$ isotope is produced.

The emission of $\beta$ particle is $e+\overline{v}$

Thus, the equation for the transmutation can be written as,

  $Pb\to Bi+e+\overline{v}$

Conclusion:

The required reaction is $Pb\to Bi+e+\overline{v}$