Chapter 30, Problem 73A

a.

To determine

To Explain:

In which of the four interactions strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational do the electron take part.

Answer to Problem 73A

Electromagnetic, gravitational and weak interactions involve electrons

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

An electron is a subatomic particle having negative and is stable inside the atom.It is the primary carrier of electricity in solids.As there is movement of electrons from one molecular orbital to another, absorption or release of photons with specific energy takes place. When an electron is upgraded to a higher energy level in an atom, the result is the product obtained which is an atom in an excited state.

The chemical bond between atoms occurs due to electromagnetic interactions.

In a molecule, electrons move under the impact of several nuclei occupying molecular orbital’s hence taking part in electromagnetic, gravitational, and weak interactions.

Conclusion:

Hence, electrons are involved in electromagnetic, gravitational and weak interactions.

b.

To determine

To Explain:

In which of the four interactions of strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational do the proton take part.

Answer to Problem 73A

Protons take part in strong, gravitational and electromagnetic interactions.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Proton is the stable subatomic particle which ispresent in all atomic nuclei possessing a positive electric charge that is equivalent in magnitude to that of an electron.

They do the work of binding the nucleus together.

The strength of the interaction is dependent on the separation of the two protons. Both the gravitation and electromagnetism possess infinite range.

The strong nuclear force binds protons as well as neutrons together for the formation of the nucleus.

The electromagnetic force binds electrons and protons together within an atom.

Deep inside the proton, the gravitational field can get affected by the energy of the particle and momentum.

Conclusion:

Hence, protons take part in strong, gravitational, and electromagnetic interactions.

c.

To determine

To Explain:

In which of the four interactions of strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational does the neutrino take part.

Answer to Problem 73A

Neutrino takes part in weak interactions.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

A neutrino is similar to electron and is also a subatomic particle. It has no electrical charge and is lighter in mass.

They are evasive subatomic particles that are created in nuclear processes. Weak interaction is the weak force or can be said as the weak nuclear force.

The neutrino is much lighter in mass when compared to the other elementary particles.

The weak force is of very short range and the gravitational interaction is immensely weak.

As a result, neutrinos do not take part in the strong interaction. These are only involved in the weak interactions.

Conclusion:

Hence, neutrino takes part in weak interactions.