Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Rb and Sr.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(b)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Po and Rn.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(c)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Xe and Cs.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
(d)
Interpretation:
The element with higher first ionization energy should be predicted from Ba and Sr.
Concept Introduction:
The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form an ion is termed as ionization energy.
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Principles of Modern Chemistry
- 5.) Electron Configurations for Ions: Supply the ground state electron configurations for the following ions. You many use the short-hand notation (e.g. Na*: [He]2s 2p°). (a) N (b) Mg*. (c) O (d) Sc* (e) Sn2+ (f) Ar 6.) Formulas of Ions: Predict the formulas of the most stable ions of the following elements (a) Na (b) Mg (c) S (d) Al (e) Br (f) Parrow_forwardWhen a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms anoxoacid with the same nonmetal oxidation state. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids:(a) hypochlorous acid; (b) chlorous acid; (c) chloric acid; (d) perchloric acid; (e) sulfuric acid; (f ) sulfurous acid; (g) nitricacid; (h) nitrous acid; (i) carbonic acid; ( j) phosphoric acid.arrow_forward11)Explain the given ionization energy for each pair using electron configurations. (12(Be)l1(B), I1(N)>l1(O) ).arrow_forward
- (b) List some properties of Group 1 elements which indicate they are all metals. (c) What valence do all Group 1 elements exhibit in their compounds? (a) Write the names and symbols of the elements of Group 2.arrow_forwardUse the periodic table to (i) predict electron configurations for the following species: Arsenic ion, As3– Magnesium ion, Mg2+ Vanadium(II) ion, V2+ (ii) Write the electron configurations of each species in the noble gas notation. (iii) Draw an orbital diagram to represent 1 c above. Draw the Lewis electron dot structures of the following chemical species. In each case you must say whether or not the central atom obeys the Octet Rule. CS2 and H2S CF4 and SiH4 NH2Cl CO32– and BF3 PCl5 ClF3, XeF2, Calculate the formal charge on the Sulphur atom in the Sulphate anion structure shown below(picture attatched) Give the electron-pair and molecular geometries for NF3 and XeF4.arrow_forwardWhen a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms an oxoacid with the same oxidation number as the nonmetal. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids: (a) hypochlorous acid; (b) chlorous acid; (c) chloric acid; (d) perchloric acid; (e) sulfuric acid; (f ) sulfurous acid; (g) nitric acid; (h) nitrous acid; (i) carbonic acid; ( j) phosphoric acid.arrow_forward
- 2. Which one of each of the following pairs has the higher ionization energy? Explain in detail for each case. (a) Na or K (b) Ве or B (с) В or C (d) N or O F or Ne (f) Mg or Mg* Ne or Naarrow_forward(a) Use orbital diagrams to illustrate what happens when anoxygen atom gains two electrons. (b) Why does O3 - not exist?arrow_forwardWrite the electron configurations for the following ions, anddetermine which have noble-gas configurations: (a) Co2+ ,(b) Sn2+ , (c) Zr4+ , (d) Ag+, (e) S2- .arrow_forward
- For two adjacent ions, the net potential energy is: А В + rn EN - - r where A, B and n are constants, r is in nm and E is in eV. (a) Find the expression for the bonding energy Eg in terms of A, B and n. (b) For two pairs of ions, with A = 1.436, B = 5.86 x 106 and n = 9, solve for ro and Eg.arrow_forwardWhat kind of bonds will be formed between the element with the electronic structure (a) 1s22s22p5 and the element with the electronic structure 1s22s1; (b) between the element with the electronic structure 1s22s22p2 and the element with the electronic structure 1s1; (c) between two atoms with the electronic structure 1s22s22p6 ? In each case, briefly explain.arrow_forwardQ1. This question is about atomic structure. (a) Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species. CH Fe2+ (b) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured. (c) State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation energy Explain your answer. (d) A sample of nickel was analysed in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The sample was ionised by electron impact ionisation. The spectrum produced showed three peaks with abundances as set out in the table. m/z Abundance /% 58 61.0 60 29.1 61 9.9 Give the symbol, including mass number, of the ion that would reach the detector first in the sample. Calculate the relative atomic mass of the nickel in the sample. Give your answer to one decimal place. Page 2 of 12 Symbol of ion Relative atomic massarrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning