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Concept introduction:
A complex ion is formed when a metal ion reacts with a Lewis base in solution. This reaction is defined in terms of
The Metal ion which is positively charged functions as a Lewis acid and Lewis base or the ligand has one or more lone pairs of electrons. For example, Cu2+, which is a highly charged and small metal ion having asignificant tendency to function as Lewis acids, consequently exhibiting the highest affinity to form complex ions.
The development of a complexion is a stepwise procedure, and everystep has its equilibrium constant. When two of the equations are added together, the equilibrium constants multiply. The Equilibrium Constant reflects the concentration in a reaction, which is the molarity, written as moles per liter
The products of a reaction are present in the numerator, and the denominator has the reactants. The alphabets in upper-case are the molar concentrations of the reactants and products, and the alphabets in lower-case are the
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EP GENERAL CHEMISTRY-MOD.MASTERINGCHEM.
- Use the formation constant of [Au(CN)2] in Appendix K to determine the equilibrium concentration of Au+(aq) in a solution that is 0.0071 M CN and 1.1 104 M [Au(CN)2]. Is it reasonable to conclude that 100% of the gold in solution is present as the [Au(CN)2] complex ion? Explain.arrow_forwardThe formation constant of a complex ion [M(NH3)4]2+(aq) is 1.8E8. If a solution is prepared by adding 0.3 mol of [M(NH3)4]Cl2 to 850.0 mL of water, what is the equilibrium concentration of free M2+(aq) ions?arrow_forwardCalculate concentration of species in a solution containing a complex ion. In the presence of excess OH", the Al³+ (aq) ion forms a hydroxide complex ion, Al(OH)4. Calculate the concentration of free Al³+ ion when 1.20x10-2 mol AI(CH3COO) 3(S) is added to 1.00 L of solution in which [OH ] is held constant (buffered at pH 12.90). For Al(OH)4, Kf = 1.1x1033. [A1³+] = Check & Submit Answer Show Approach Marrow_forward
- Calculate concentration of species in a solution containing a complex ion. In the presence of excess OH', the Al³+ (aq) ion forms a hydroxide complex ion, AI(OH)4. Calculate the concentration of free Al³+ ion when 1.01x102 mol AI(NO3)3(s) is added to 1.00 L of solution in which [OH ] is held constant (buffered at pH 12.50). For Al(OH)4, K=1.1x1033 [A1³]= Marrow_forwardZinc(II) readily forms the complex ion [Zn(OH)4]2+. Explain how this fact can be used to distinguish a solution of ZnCl2 from MgCl2.arrow_forwardWrite equilibrium reaction and solubility product constant for the following low solubility compounds, MnCO3, Hg(OH2), and Cu(PO4)2arrow_forward
- For the aqueous complex at Fe (CN)6]4-complex Kf= 1.0 x 10^35 Suppose equal volumes of 0.0062M Fe(NO2) solution and 0.10M KCN solution are mixed. Calculate the equilibrium molarity of aqueous Fe^2+ ion. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.arrow_forwardCalculate concentration of species in a solution containing a complex ion. In the presence of excess OH, the Zn2+ (aq) ion forms a hydroxide complex ion, Zn(OH)42. Calculate the concentration of free Zn2+ ion when 1.49x102 mol Zn(CH3COO)₂(s) is added to 1.00 L of solution in which [OH-] is held constant (buffered at pH 12.70). For Zn(OH)42, K = 4.6x1017. [Zn²+] = Marrow_forwardCalculate concentration of species in a solution containing a complex ion. In the presence of excess OH", the A1³+ (aq) ion forms a hydroxide complex ion, Al(OH)4. Calculate the concentration of free Al³+ ion when 1.97x10-2 mol AI(NO3)3(s) is added to 1.00 L of solution in which [OH- ] is held constant (buffered at pH 12.50). For Al(OH)4, Kf = 1.1x1033. [A1³+] = Marrow_forward
- Calculate the concentration of silver cation in a solution of 0.015 M AgCl that, at equilibrium, is 1.0 M in NH3. Note: the complex ion Ag(NH3)2+ has a Kf = 1.6 x 10^7. Note: AgCl has a Ksp of 1.8 x 10^-10.arrow_forward7.00 grams of Cobalt (II) nitrate are dissolved in 1.00 liter of water. What is the initial concentration of CO (2+) in moles per liter? Then, 0.22 moles of solid KOH are added to this solution. The solution volume remains 1.00 liter. Given that Kf = 5.0 x 10^9 for the complex ion, Co(OH)4 (2-) find the final concentrations of Co (2+), Co(OH)4 (2-), and OH-. Also find the pH of this final solution.arrow_forwardWhat is [Cu2+] at equilibrium when Cu(OH)2 is added to a buffer of pH=10.00?arrow_forward
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