Chapter 23.5, Problem 32SSC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of moles of ATP molecules which is produced by yeast cell should be determined when 6 mole of glucose is oxidized completely in the presence of oxygen.

The number of moles of ATP molecules which is produced by yeast cell from 6 mole of glucose when the cell is deprived of oxygen should be determined.

Concept introduction:

ATP stands for Adenosine triphosphate. It is known as the energy-carrying molecule. It is an organic compound which consists of phosphate groups, sugar ribose and adenine. ATP provides energy for biochemical processes that take place in the body.

Explanation of Solution

ATP which is known as energy carrier molecules are found in cells of the living organisms. These molecules obtained chemical energy from the digested food molecules for body functioning, further this energy is used for the various cellular process in living organisms.

In the presence of oxygen, glucose undergoes complete cellular respiration where 36-38 ATP are produced by one glucose molecule.

In the presence of oxygen, organisms have the ability to break down glucose to form carbon dioxide. This results in the release sufficient energy to produce up to 38 ATP.

Thus, the number of moles of ATP molecules which is produced by yeast cell when 6 moles of glucose is oxidized = $36\times 6-38\times 6$ that is 216- 228 moles of ATP.

In the absence of oxygen, glucose undergoes fermentation where only 2 ATP are produced.

Thus, the number of moles of ATP molecules which is produced by yeast cell from 6 moles of glucose when the cell is deprived of oxygen = $2\times 6=1\text{2 moles of ATP}$