Chapter 23, Problem 39A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chain of glutamine should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Proteins are polymeric biomolecules which are formed by the polymerisation of amino acids. Amino acids are the organic molecules with $–{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ and −COOH functional groups bonded on same carbon atom of the molecule.

They polymerise by peptide linkage to form dipeptide, oligopeptide and polypeptide molecules. Each peptide bond formation is a condensation reaction that occurs with the elimination of water molecule.

Answer to Problem 39A

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chains of glutamine is amide group.

Explanation of Solution

The given amino acid is glutamine.

The structure of Glutamine is:

In the above structure, the side chain of glutamine consists of a carbon atom which is linked with an oxygen atom by double bond and with nitrogen atom by single bond. This nitrogen atom is further linked with two hydrogen atoms by single bond. Thus, the functional group present in the side chain of glutamine is amide group (-CONH₂).

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chain of serine should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Proteins are polymeric biomolecules which are formed by the polymerisation of amino acids. Amino acids are the organic molecules with $–{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ and −COOH functional groups bonded on same carbon atom of the molecule.

They polymerise by peptide linkage to form dipeptide, oligopeptide and polypeptide molecules. Each peptide bond formation is a condensation reaction that occurs with the elimination of water molecule.

Answer to Problem 39A

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chains of serine is hydroxyl group.

Explanation of Solution

The given amino acid is serine.

The structure of Serine is:

In the above structure, the side chain of serine consists of a carbon atom which is linked with an oxygen atom by single bond. This oxygen atom is further linked with one hydrogen atom by single bond. Thus, the functional group present in the side chain of serine is hydroxyl group (-OH).

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chain of glutamic acid should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Proteins are polymeric biomolecules which are formed by the polymerisation of amino acids. Amino acids are the organic molecules with $–{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ and −COOH functional groups bonded on same carbon atom of the molecule.

They polymerise by peptide linkage to form dipeptide, oligopeptide and polypeptide molecules. Each peptide bond formation is a condensation reaction that occurs with the elimination of water molecule.

Answer to Problem 39A

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chains of glutamic acid is carboxylic acid group.

Explanation of Solution

The given amino acid is glutamic acid.

The structure of Glutamic acid is:

In the above structure, the side chain of glutamic acid consists of a carbon atom which is linked with an oxygen atom by double bond and another oxygen atom by single bond. This oxygen atom is further linked with one hydrogen atom by single bond. Thus, the functional group present in the side chain of glutamic acid is carboxylic acid group (-COOH).

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chain of lysine should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Proteins are polymeric biomolecules which are formed by the polymerisation of amino acids. Amino acids are the organic molecules with $–{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ and −COOH functional groups bonded on same carbon atom of the molecule.

They polymerise by peptide linkage to form dipeptide, oligopeptide and polypeptide molecules. Each peptide bond formation is a condensation reaction that occurs with the elimination of water molecule.

Answer to Problem 39A

The name of the organic functional groups present in the side chains of lysine is amino group.

Explanation of Solution

The given amino acid is lysine.

The structure of Lysine is:

In the above structure, the side chain of lysine consists of a carbon atom which is linked with a nitrogen atom by single bond. This nitrogen atom is further linked with two hydrogen atoms by single bond. Thus, the functional group present in the side chain of serine is amino group (-NH₂).