Chapter 23, Problem 55A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The scientific term for blood sugar should be given.

Concept introduction:

A biological molecule which consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is known as saccharide or carbohydrate. The general formula of saccharide is ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{O)}}_{\text{n}}$.

Saccharides (sugar) are classified as: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides are defined as a simpler carbohydrate which contains one sugar molecule and can’t ne hydrolysed into smaller carbohydrate.

Disaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains two sugar molecules that is when two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds. It is a double ring structure.

Polysaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains many units of sugar molecules that is more than two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds.

Answer to Problem 55A

Scientific term for the blood sugar is glucose.

Explanation of Solution

The given term is blood sugar.

Glucose is a main sugar which is present or found in our blood which is measured by scientific apparatus. Thus, glucose is also known as blood sugar.

Hence, scientific term for the blood sugar is glucose.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The scientific term for fruit sugar should be given.

Concept introduction:

A biological molecule which consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is known as saccharide or carbohydrate. The general formula of saccharide is ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{O)}}_{\text{n}}$.

Saccharides (sugar) are classified as: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides are defined as a simpler carbohydrate which contains one sugar molecule and can’t ne hydrolysed into smaller carbohydrate.

Disaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains two sugar molecules that is when two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds. It is a double ring structure.

Polysaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains many units of sugar molecules that is more than two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds.

Answer to Problem 55A

Scientific term for the fruit sugar is fructose.

Explanation of Solution

The given term is fruit sugar.

Fructose is a main sugar which is present or found in fruits. Fructose is a monosaccharide implies that it contains only one sugar unit. Thus, fructose is also known as fruit sugar.

Hence, scientific term for the fruit sugar is fructose.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The scientific term for table sugar should be given.

Concept introduction:

A biological molecule which consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is known as saccharide or carbohydrate. The general formula of saccharide is ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{O)}}_{\text{n}}$.

Saccharides (sugar) are classified as: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides are defined as a simpler carbohydrate which contains one sugar molecule and can’t ne hydrolysed into smaller carbohydrate.

Disaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains two sugar molecules that is when two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds. It is a double ring structure.

Polysaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains many units of sugar molecules that is more than two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds.

Answer to Problem 55A

Scientific term for the table sugar is sucrose.

Explanation of Solution

The given term is table sugar.

Sucrose is a white granulated sugar which is used in various food materials. It is a disaccharide which is made up of two monosaccharides that is fructose and glucose. Thus, sucrose is also known as table sugar.

Hence, scientific term for the table sugar is sucrose.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The scientific term for milk sugar should be given.

Concept introduction:

A biological molecule which consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is known as saccharide or carbohydrate. The general formula of saccharide is ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{O)}}_{\text{n}}$.

Saccharides (sugar) are classified as: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides are defined as a simpler carbohydrate which contains one sugar molecule and can’t ne hydrolysed into smaller carbohydrate.

Disaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains two sugar molecules that is when two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds. It is a double ring structure.

Polysaccharides are defined as a saccharide which contains many units of sugar molecules that is more than two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds.

Answer to Problem 55A

Scientific term for the milk sugar is lactose.

Explanation of Solution

The given term is milk sugar.

Lactose is a main sugar which is found in milk. It is a disaccharide which is made up of two monosaccharides that is galactose and glucose. Thus, lactose is also known as milk sugar.

Hence, scientific term for the milk sugar is lactose.