Chapter 23, Problem 65A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the balanced chemical equations to obtain the given products.

Concept Introduction: The products are given in a space-filling arrangement. In this model, the atoms are represented by spheres. The radii of these spheres will be proportional to the radii of the atoms in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 65A

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{Cl+HCl}$

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\stackrel{\text{Pd/C}}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

Explanation of Solution

The first product given is the space-filling model of the Methyl Chloride molecule. The center atom is the carbon atom and all the other three atoms that are similar in size are the hydrogens. The atom that is green in color is considered Chlorine. When methane is made to react with chlorine molecules to form the Methyl chloride

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{+Cl}}_{\text{2}}\to {\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{Cl+HCl}$

Similarly, when we look at the other product that is given, there are two carbon atoms present to which the atoms of similar size which is hydrogen is attached. Two carbons with six hydrogens attached are called ethane. Ethene on reduction will give ethane and this reduction is anaerobic.

  ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\stackrel{\text{Pd/C}}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$

Conclusion

In the space-filling model, atoms of different elements are represented with different colors. In this case, hydrogens are represented as grey, carbons are represented as black, and Chlorine is represented as green. All the hydrogen atoms are similar in size and all the carbon atoms are similar in size. The chlorine atom appears bigger than hydrogen and carbon.