Chapter 23, Problem 35A

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the structural formulas and the IUPAC names for the isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{3}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ .

Concept Introduction: Isomers are those compounds with the same molecular formula but with a different arrangement of atoms. The isomers do not share similar properties. Even though the molecular formula is the same the structural formula will be different.

Answer to Problem 35A

  

Explanation of Solution

There are four structural isomers with the molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{3}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ . In all the isomers the chlorine atom is arranged differently and this arrangement makes all four isomers. In the first isomer the chlorine is present at the first carbon, in the second isomer chlorine is present at the first and second carbon, in the third isomer chlorine is present at the first and third carbon and in the last isomer, both the chlorine atoms are present on the second carbon. The position of chlorine is different in all the isomers.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To write the structural formulas and the IUPAC names for the isomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{4}}{\text{H}}_{\text{9}}\text{Br}$ .

Concept Introduction: Isomers are those compounds with the same molecular formula but with a different arrangement of atoms. The isomers do not share similar properties. Even though the molecular formula is the same the structural formula will be different.

Answer to Problem 35A

  

Explanation of Solution

There are four structural isomers with the molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{4}}{\text{H}}_{\text{9}}\text{Br}$ . In the first isomer, the bromine is present at the first carbon, in the second isomer the bromine is present at the second carbon, in the third isomer bromine is present at the first carbon with a methyl group at the second position and in the last isomer, there is bromine at second carbon along with a methyl group at second carbon. So, these positions of bromine and the methyl group make all four isomers different.