Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781936221868
Author: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 21, Problem 21.44AP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason as to why the reactivity of carboxylate salt is less than that of esters in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Esters are formed by the reaction of an acid with an alcohol. The process of formation of esters is known as esterification.
The salt of a
Nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions are a type of organic reaction in which a nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon atom derivative of carboxylic acids.
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Why is heat needed in the hydrolysis of esters and amides but not in the hydrolysis of acyl halides and acid anhydrides?
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions
Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.2PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.3PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.4PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.5PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.6PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.7PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.8PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.9PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.10P
Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.11PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.12PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.13PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.14PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.15PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.16PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.17PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.18PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.19PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.20PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.21PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.22PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.23PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.24PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.25PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.26PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.27PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.28PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.29PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.30PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.31PCh. 21 - Prob. 21.32APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.33APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.34APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.35APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.36APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.37APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.38APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.39APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.40APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.41APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.42APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.43APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.44APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.45APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.46APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.47APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.48APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.49APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.50APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.52APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.53APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.54APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.55APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.56APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.57APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.58APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.59APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.60APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.61APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.62APCh. 21 - Prob. 21.63AP
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- Why are carboxylic acids more acidic than phenols?arrow_forwardReductive amination of carbonyl compounds produces the same kinds of products as does the reaction of amines and alkyl halides True or Falsearrow_forwardWhat is the characteristic reaction of carboxylic acid derivatives? oxidation electrophilic addition nucleophilic elimination nucleophilic acyl substitutionarrow_forward
- What is the major advantage of base-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters over acid-catalyzed hydrolysis?arrow_forwardwhat happens when benzene diazonium chloride is heated with water?arrow_forwardHydration of aldehydes and ketones can be catalyzed by acid or base. Bases catalyze hydration by: protonating the carbonyl oxygen making the carbonyl group more electrophilic employing hydroxide ion, which is a better nucleophile than water making the carbonyl group less electrophilic shifting the equilibrium position of the reaction to favor productsarrow_forward
- Explain why benzocaine precipitates during the neutralization.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hydrogen peroxide used in disinfectant production?arrow_forwardH NH₂ ཡིནྣཾ ༥ ཨ ཨནྡྷ༥ ༠ ཨི་ཝཱ, ཙ ཨ་ར༩ H NH3+ the acidity of the amine ion drives the reaction to shift toward the conjugate base of the carboxylic acid product. the resulting carboxylic acid ion is a weaker base than an acetate ion. O aldehydes are more reactive toward nucleophiles than ketones. Onucleophilic attack occurs preferentially at the less hindered carbon of the formyl group.arrow_forward
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