(a) Interpretation: The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph 3 C − OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated. Concept introduction: Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

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6. Consider the following exothermic reaction below. 2Cu2+(aq) +41 (aq)2Cul(s) + 12(aq) a. If Cul is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). b. If Cu2+ is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). c. If a solution of AgNO3 is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). d. If the solvent hexane (C6H14) is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). Hint: one of the reaction species is more soluble in hexane than in water. e. If the reaction is cooled, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). f. Which of the changes above will change the equilibrium constant, K?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 21.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to Ph3C−OH (triphenylmethanol) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of butyric acid to 3−methyl−3−hexanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of isobutyronitrile to 2,3−dimethyl−2−butanol is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The sequence of reaction for the conversion of propionic acid to 3−pentanone is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Organic or inorganic reagents are used for the synthesis of required compounds. There are various reagents used for the analysis of the compounds and for the conversion of one compound into another. Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.2P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.5P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.6P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.7P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.8P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.9P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how the sequence of reaction for the conversion of benzoic acid to triphenylmethanol is shown.

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Chapter 21 Solutions