Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 20TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The restriction enzymes are present in bacteria and in other prokaryotes. The restriction enzymes recognize short
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Genomic DNA from a family where sickle-cell disease is known to be hereditary, is digested with the restriction enzyme MstII and run in a Southern Blot. The blot is hybridised with two different 0.6 kb probes, both probes (indicated in red in the diagram below) are specific for the β-globin gene (indicated as grey arrow on the diagram below). The normal wild-type βA allele contains an MstII restriction site indicated with the asterisk (*) in the diagram below; in the mutated sickle-cell βS allele this restriction site has been lost.
What size bands would you expect to see on the Southern blots using probe 1 and probe 2 for an individual with sickle cell disease (have 2 βS alleles)?
Probe 1
Probe 2
(a)
0.6kb
0.6kb and 1.2kb
(b)
0.6kb and 1.8kb
0.6kb, 1.2kb and 1.8kb
(c)
1.2kb
0.6kb
(d)
1.8kb
1.8kb
a.
(a)
b.
(b)
c.
(c)
d.
(d)
In the genotype presented (genomic plus plasmid genes), which of the following statements Is
phenotype?
genome: IS P O`z+Y°
plasmid: I* Pt otzY+
no production of either B-gal and permease
O B-gal and permease induced when lactose is present
no B-gal is produced and expression of permease when lactose is present
constitutive expression of B-gal and
permease
constitutive expression of B-gal and no expression of permease
STR markers:
are point mutations detectable by DNA sequencing
are variations in the number of repeats of very short DNA motifs (2-10 nucleotides)
□have high polymorphism
are mutations leading to proteins or blood groups that can be differentiated by antigenic testing from a blood sample
☐have low polymorphism
no correct answer
are changes of a few nucleotides leading to the absence or presence of a site recognized by a restriction enzyme
are variations in the number of repeats of medium-sized DNA motifs (10-100 nucleotides)
can be located in coding sequences
are located exclusively on autosomes
Chapter 20 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 20 - In what ways would third-generation sequencing be...Ch. 20 - The following schematic diagram depicts an...Ch. 20 - Which of the following DNA sequences would most...Ch. 20 - a. When PCR is used to prepare a DNA fragment for...Ch. 20 - a. What are some of the benefits of determining...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6IQCh. 20 - What are some of the practical and ethical...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8IQCh. 20 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 20 - Fill in the table on the previous page on the...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 20 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 20 - Gel electrophoresis is a means of separating...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 20 - The following segment of DNA has restriction sites...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 20 - Which enzyme is used in the polymerase chain...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 20 - STRs (short tandem repeats) are a valuable tool...Ch. 20 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 20 - Which of the following has the greatest potential...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 20 - Petroleum-lysing bacteria are being engineered for...Ch. 20 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 20TYK
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- The right-hand column contains descriptions of 5 types of molecular markers. Label each description with the name of the being described. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Sequence-tagged site (STS) Microsatellite Amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) Reset Zoom TABLE 23.1 Common Types of Molecular Markers Marker Description A site in a genome where the distance between two restriction sites varies among different individuals. These sites are identified by restriction enzyme digestion of chromosomal DNA and the use of Southern blotting. Amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) The same as an RFLP except that the site is amplified via PCR instead of isolating the chromosomal DNA. A site in the genome that contains many short sequences that are repeated many times in a row. The total length is usually in the range of 50-200 bp, and the length of a given microsatellite may be polymorphic within a…arrow_forwardCompared to the normal A allele, the disease-causing allele in sickle cell anemia (S allele) is missing an MstII restriction site. On a Southern blot of genomic DNA cut with MstII and hybridized with the probe shown on the diagram below, a person with sickle anemia, carrying two S alleles, will show Choose an answer below: a single band at 1.1 kb. a single band at 1.3 kb. a single band at 0.2 kb. one band at 0.2 and one at 1.3 kb. one band at 1.1 and one at 1.3 kb.arrow_forwardWhat is homologous recombination and where/when does it typically take place in an organism. Homologous recombination is also used experimentally during gene targeting. If you wanted to remove the function of the mouse gene fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) using gene targeting by homologous recombination, what are the different aspects of a targeting vector you would need to make?arrow_forward
- A group of overlapping clones, designated A through F, is isolated from one region of a chromosome. Each of the clones is separately cleaved by a restriction enzyme, and the pieces are resolved by agarose gel lectrophoresis,with the results shown below. There are nine different restriction fragments in this chromosomal region, with a subset appearing in each clone. Using this information, deduce the order of the restriction fragments in the chromosome.arrow_forwardSingle and double digestion of plasmid pMCS326 were performed using the restriction enzymes AluIII and EcoRV. DNA fragments were shown in an electrophoretogram below. Construct a restriction map of plasmid pMCS326 for enzymes AluIII and EcoRV. (Create restriction mapping with explanation)arrow_forwardFor Pet41 (choose Pet41 a, b, or c as provided in the image) how would you design the primers (forward and reverse) for the following gene of interest and what restriction enzymes would be used (as shown in the image)? Be sure to explain and elaborate on why selected and how. Gene of Interest: atgggc gacaaaggga 241 cccgagtgtt caagaaggcc agtccaaatg gaaagctcac cgtctacctg ggaaagcggg 301 actttgtgga ccacatcgac ctcgtggacc ctgtggatgg tgtggtcctg gtggatcctg 361 agtatctcaa agagcggaga gtctatgtga cgctgacctg cgccttccgc tatggccggg 421 aggacctgga tgtcctgggc ctgacctttc gcaaggacct gtttgtggcc aacgtacagt 481 cgttcccacc ggcccccgag gacaagaagc ccctgacgcg gctgcaggaa cgcctcatca 541 agaagctggg cgagcacgct taccctttca cctttgagat ccctccaaac cttccatgtt 601 ctgtgacact gcagccgggg cccgaagaca cggggaaggc ttgcggtgtg gactatgaag 661 tcaaagcctt ctgcgcggag aatttggagg agaagatcca caagcggaat tctgtgcgtc 721 tggtcatccg gaaggttcag tatgccccag agaggcctgg cccccagccc acagccgaga 781 ccaccaggca gttcctcatg tcggacaagc ccttgcacct…arrow_forward
- In the Ames test shown in Figure 16-17, what is the reason for adding the liver extract to each sample?arrow_forwardAn individual is heterozygous for an allele. Allele A has a SNP that results in disruption of an Not1 restriction enzyme site. Allele B has a functional Not1 restriction enzyme site. PCR is performed on the region of the gene containing the SNP to produce a 255bp PCR product. Restriction digestion was subsequently performed using EcoR1 restriction enzyme and the fragments were electrophoresed on an agarose gel. (EcoR1 cuts allele B at a site 115bp from the end of the sequence.) What are the sizes of the subsequent DNA fragments? 1) 115bp + 140bp 2) 205bp + 255bp 3) 140bp 4) 205bp + 255bp + 115bp 5) 140bp + 205bp + 255bp 6) 255bp + 115bp + 140bp 7) 115bp 8) 255bp 9) 115bp + 255bp 10) 255bp + 115bp + 140bp + 205bp 11) 140bp + 205bp 12) 205bp 13) 205bp + 115bp 14) 140bp + 255bparrow_forwardDNA samples from four individuals were cleaved with the same MW restriction endonuclease. The DNA fragments were separated by gel clectrophoresis, transferred to a membrane, and hybridized with a 12 kb 10 kb DNA probe complementary to a region between sites C and D (see 8 kb hybridization line). The image of the southern blot shows the labeled DNA bands and 6 kb molecular weight (MW) markers. The lane labels I, II, III, and IV -5 kb correspond to individuals I, II, III, and IV. Assume that fragments such as C-D and C-E are clearly resolved in this gel system. Fragment sizes are as given: A-B is 4 kb, B-C is I kb, C-D is 5 kb, and D-E is 650 bp. Individual I has five cleavage sites (A, B, C, D, and E) for the restriction endonuclease. DNA homologous to probe Which individual has at least one point mutation that eliminates restriction site C only? O II IV cannot be determined II Which individual has at least one point mutation that climinates restriction sites B and C? III O IV cannot be…arrow_forward
- A restriction map lists the locations of DNA sequences that are cut by a particular restriction enzyme for a piece of DNA, such as a chromosome or a plasmid. Restriction maps are important when generating a construct for experimental use. Digesting the DNA sequence with the restriction enzymes will result in fragmented DNA of predictable sizes, based on the restriction map, that allow a researcher to analyze if his or her construct was generated correctly when visualized using gel electrophoresis. Use the linear restriction map to predict where bands would be expected on a gel if a digest is performed using the specified restriction enzymes. Assume that there is enough restriction enzyme that every possible restriction site on each molecule of DNA will be cut.arrow_forwardA cystic-fibrosis mutation in a certain pedigree is due toa single nucleotide-pair change. This change destroys anEcoRI restriction site normally found in this position.How would you use this information in counseling members of this family about their likelihood of being carriers? State the precise experiments needed. Assume thatyou find that a woman in this family is a carrier, and ittranspires that she is married to an unrelated man whoalso is a heterozygote for cystic fibrosis, but, in his case, itis a different mutation in the same gene. How would youcounsel this couple about the risks of a child’s having cystic fibrosis?arrow_forwardDecide on two restriction sites that you can use to clone this into pL4440’s MCS. Identify their sequence and explain why. Tip: The plasmid map is showed below, details of restriction site sequences can be found at https://enzymefinder.neb.com/#!#nebheaderarrow_forward
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