Transcription and Translation1. What is the main function of transcription and translation? (2marks)2. How is transcription different in eukaryotic and prokaryoticcells? (2 marks)3. Explain the difference between pre-mRNA and post-transcriptmRNA. (2 marks)4. What is the function of the following: (4 marks)i. the capii. spliceosomeiii. Poly A tailiv. termination sequence5. What are advantages to the wobble feature of the geneticcode? (2 marks)6. Explain the difference between the: (3 marks)i. A site & P siteii. codon & anticodoniii. gene expression and gene regulation7. Explain how the stop codon allows for termination. (1 mark)8. In your own words, summarize the process of translation. (2marks)

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/ff752de9-e287-4477-b23f-edfaf74dbff6.jpg

Answered: Transcription and Translation 1. What…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter29: Transcription And The Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Similar questions

If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template strand and the DNA template strand is complementary to the DNA nontemplate strand, then why are base sequences of mRNA and the DNA nontemplate strand not identical? Could they ever be?
A fragment of bacterial DNA reads: 3’ -TACCTATAATCTCAATTGATAGAAGCACTCTAC- 5’ Assuming that this fragment is the template strand, what is the sequence of mRNA that would he transcribed? (Hint: Be sure to identify the initiation site.)
A normal mRNA that reads 5’ - UGCCAUGGUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC- 3’ has an insertion mutation that changes the sequence to 5' -UGCCAUGGUUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC- 3’. Translate the original mRNA and the mutated mRNA, and explain how insertion mutations can have dramatic effects on proteins. (Hint: Be sure to find the initiation site.)
The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this? complementarity nonsense codons universality degeneracy
Which of the following statements is false? a. GTP is an energy source during various stages of translation. b. In the ribosome, peptidyl transferase catalyzes peptide bondformation between amino acids. c. When the mRNA code UAA reaches the ribosome, there isno tRNA to bind to it. d. A long polypeptide is cut off the tRNA in the A site so its Metamino acid links to the amino acid in the P site. e. Forty-two amino acids of a protein are encoded by 126nucleotides of the mRNA.
Discuss Concepts The normal form of a gene contains the nucleotide sequence: When this gene is transcribed, the result is the following mRNA molecule: In a mutated form of the gene, two extra base pairs (underlined) are inserted: What effect will this particular mutation have on the structure of the protein encoded in the gene?
Contrast transcription and translation. Name at least three differences between the two processes.
Recombination in Immunoglobulin Genes If recombination between a Vkand Jkgene formed a CCA codon at codon 95 (Figure 28.41), which amino acid would appear at this position?
Which of the following is not made out of RNA? the carriers that shuffle amino acids to a growing polypeptide strand the ribosome the messenger molecule that provides the code for protein synthesis the intron
A scientist introduces a mutation that makes the 60S ribosomal subunit nonfunctional in a human cell line. What would be the predicted effect on translation? Translation stalls after the initiation AUG codon is identified The ribosome cannot catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between the tRNAs in the A and P sites The ribosome cannot interact with mRNAs tRNAs cannot exit the E site of the ribosome.
A scientist mutates elF-2 to eliminate its GTP hydrolysis capability. How would this mutated form of elF-2 alter translation? Initiation factors would not be able to bind to mRNA The large ribosomal subunit would not be able to interact with itiRNA transcripts tRNAi-Met would not scan mRNA transcripts for the start codon elF-2 would not be able to interact with the small ribosomal subunit.
Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers specificity to transcription? a. b. c. d.

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