Statistics for Business and Economics (13th Edition)
Statistics for Business and Economics (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134506593
Author: James T. McClave, P. George Benson, Terry Sincich
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.166ACI

Doctors and ethics. For physicians confronted with ethical dilemmas (e.g., end-of-life issues or treatment of patients without insurance), many hospitals provide ethics consultation services. However, not all physicians take advantage of these services and some refuse to use ethics consultation. The extent to which doctors refuse ethics consults was studied in the Journal of Medical Ethics (Vol. 32, 2006). Survey questionnaires were administered to all physicians on staff at a large community hospital in Tampa, Florida, and 118 physicians responded. Several qualitative variables were measured, including previous use of ethics consultation (“never used” or “used at least once”), practitioner specialty (“medical” or “surgical”), and future use of ethics consultation (“yes” or “no”).

  1. a. Access the file and generate a graph that describes the level to which the physicians on staff have previously used the ethics consultation services. What proportion of the sampled physicians have never used ethics consultation?
  2. b. Repeat part a for future use of ethics consultation. What proportion of the sampled physicians state that they will not use the services in the future?
  3. c. Generate side-by-side graphs that illustrate differences in previous use of ethics consultation by medical and surgical specialists. What inference can you make from the graphs?
  4. d. Repeat part C for future use of ethics consultation.
  5. e. One of the quantitative variables measured in the survey of physicians was length of time in practice (i.e., years of experience). The medical researchers hypothesized that older, more experienced physicians would be less likely to use ethics consultation in the future. Generate two graphs to describe the distribution of years of experience-one for physicians who indicated they would use ethics consultation in the future and one for physicians who refused to use ethics consultation. Place the graphs side by side. Is there support for the researchers' assertion? Explain.
  6. f. Find the mean, median, and mode for the length of time in practice (i.e., years of experience) variable. Give a practical interpretation of each of these measures of central tendency.
  7. g. Consider only the physicians who would refuse to use ethics consultation in the future. Find the mean, median, and mode for the length of time in practice for these physicians. Practically interpret the results.
  8. h. Repeat part g for physicians who would use ethics consultation in the future.
  9. i. Use the results, parts g and h, to comment on the medical researchers’ theory.
  10. j. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the length of time in practice (i.e., years of experience) variable. If possible, give a practical interpretation of each of these measures of variation.
  11. k. Consider only the physicians who would refuse to use ethics consultation in the future. Find the standard deviation for the length of time in practice for these physicians.
  12. l. Repeat part k for physicians who would use ethics consultation in the future.
  13. m. Use the results, parts k and I, to compare the variation in the length of time in practice distributions for physicians who would use and who would refuse ethics consultation in the future.
  14. n. In addition to length of time in practice (i.e., years of experience), the researchers also measured the amount of exposure to ethics in medical school (number of hours) for the sample of 118 physicians.

    Create a scatterplot for these two variables. Plot years of experience on the vertical axis and amount of exposure to ethics in medical school on the horizontal axis. Comment on the strength of the association between these two variables.

  15. o. Conduct an outlier analysis of the data for the variable amount of exposure to ethics in medical school. Identify the highly suspect outlier in the data set.
  16. p. Remove the outlier, part o, from the data set and re-create the scatterplot of part n. What do you observe?
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Chapter 2 Solutions

Statistics for Business and Economics (13th Edition)

Ch. 2.1 - Profiling UK rental malls. An analysis of the...Ch. 2.1 - History of corporate acquisitions. A corporate...Ch. 2.1 - Twitter opinions of iPhone 6 features. What are...Ch. 2.1 - Museum management. What criteria do museums use to...Ch. 2.1 - Advertising with reader-response cards....Ch. 2.1 - Motivation and right-oriented bias. Evolutionary...Ch. 2.1 - Groundwater contamination in wells. In New...Ch. 2.2 - Graph the relative frequency histogram for the 500...Ch. 2.2 - Refer to Exercise 2.18. Calculate the number of...Ch. 2.2 - Consider the stem-and-leaf display shown here. a....Ch. 2.2 - Minitab was used to generate the following...Ch. 2.2 - Stability of compounds in new drugs. Testing the...Ch. 2.2 - Corporate sustainability of CPA firms. Refer to...Ch. 2.2 - Sanitation inspection of cruise ships. To minimize...Ch. 2.2 - History of corporate acquisitions. Refer to the...Ch. 2.2 - Most valuable NFL teams. Each year Forbes reports...Ch. 2.2 - State SAT scores. Educators are constantly...Ch. 2.2 - Items arriving and departing a work center. In a...Ch. 2.2 - Crude oil biodegradation. In order to protect...Ch. 2.2 - Volkswagen emissions scandal. Recently, the...Ch. 2.2 - Is honey a cough remedy? Does a teaspoon of honey...Ch. 2.2 - Time in bankruptcy. Financially distressed firms...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 2.33ACACh. 2.2 - Prob. 2.34ACACh. 2.3 - Calculate the mean and median of the following...Ch. 2.3 - Calculate the mean for samples where a. n = 10, x...Ch. 2.3 - Explain how the relationship between the mean and...Ch. 2.3 - Explain the difference between the calculation of...Ch. 2.3 - Calculate the mode, mean, and median of the...Ch. 2.3 - Calculate the mean, median, and mode for each of...Ch. 2.3 - Describe how the mean compares to the median for a...Ch. 2.3 - Use the applet entitled Mean versus Median to find...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.2AECh. 2.3 - Use the applet Mean versus Median to study the...Ch. 2.3 - Hotels use of ecolabels. Ecolabels such as Energy...Ch. 2.3 - Rankings of research universities. Based on...Ch. 2.3 - Performance of stock screeners. Investment...Ch. 2.3 - Performance-based logistics. Refer to the Journal...Ch. 2.3 - Surface roughness of oil field pipe. Oil field...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.47ACICh. 2.3 - Corporate sustainability of CPA firms. Refer to...Ch. 2.3 - Is honey a cough remedy? Refer to the Archives of...Ch. 2.3 - Crude oil biodegradation. Refer to the Journal of...Ch. 2.3 - Symmetric or skewed? Would you expect the data...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.52ACICh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.53ACACh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.54ACACh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.55ACACh. 2.4 - Answer the following questions about variability...Ch. 2.4 - Calculate the range, variance, and standard...Ch. 2.4 - Calculate the variance and standard deviation for...Ch. 2.4 - Compute x,s2, and s for each of the following data...Ch. 2.4 - Calculate the range, variance, and standard...Ch. 2.4 - Using only integers between 0 and 10, construct...Ch. 2.4 - Using only integers between 0 and 10, construct...Ch. 2.4 - Consider the following sample of five...Ch. 2.4 - Use the applet entitled Standard Deviation to find...Ch. 2.4 - Use the applet Standard Deviation to study the...Ch. 2.4 - Use the applet Standard Deviation to study the...Ch. 2.4 - Hotels use of ecolabels. Refer to the Journal of...Ch. 2.4 - Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Refer...Ch. 2.4 - Performance of stock screeners. Refer to the...Ch. 2.4 - Corporate sustainability of CPA firms. Refer to...Ch. 2.4 - Is honey a cough remedy? Refer to the Archives of...Ch. 2.4 - Active nuclear power plants. Refer to Exercise...Ch. 2.4 - Estimating production time. A widely used...Ch. 2.5 - The output from a statistical software package...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2.72LMCh. 2.5 - For a set of data with a mound-shaped relative...Ch. 2.5 - The following is a sample of 25 measurements: a....Ch. 2.5 - Given a data set with a largest value of 760 and a...Ch. 2.5 - Voltage sags and swells. The power quality of a...Ch. 2.5 - Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Refer...Ch. 2.5 - Do social robots walk or roll? Refer to the...Ch. 2.5 - College dropout study. The American Economic...Ch. 2.5 - Motivation of drug dealers. Consider a study of...Ch. 2.5 - Sanitation inspection of cruise ships. Refer to...Ch. 2.5 - Volkswagen emissions scandal. Refer to the...Ch. 2.5 - Auditing water resources in Australia. Australia...Ch. 2.5 - The Apprentice contestants performance ratings....Ch. 2.5 - Shopping vehicle and judgment. While shopping at...Ch. 2.5 - Buy-side vs. sell-side analysts earnings...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2.87ACACh. 2.5 - Improving SAT scores. The National Education...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2.89ACACh. 2.6 - Compute the z-score corresponding to each of the...Ch. 2.6 - Give the percentage of measurements in a data set...Ch. 2.6 - In terms of percentiles, define QL, QM and QU.Ch. 2.6 - Compare the z-scores to decide which of the...Ch. 2.6 - Suppose that 40 and 90 are two elements of a...Ch. 2.6 - Mathematics assessment test scores. According to...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.96ACBCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2.97ACBCh. 2.6 - Sanitation inspection of cruise ships Refer to the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.99ACICh. 2.6 - Prob. 2.100ACICh. 2.6 - Executive networking and firm performance. Do...Ch. 2.6 - Blue- vs. red-colored exam study. In a study of...Ch. 2.6 - Ranking PhD programs in economics. Thousands of...Ch. 2.6 - Using z-scores for grades. At one university, the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.105ACACh. 2.7 - A sample data set has a mean of 57 and a standard...Ch. 2.7 - Suppose a data set consisting of exam scores has a...Ch. 2.7 - Consider the horizontal box plot shown below. a....Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.109LMCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7AECh. 2.7 - Rankings of research universities. Refer to the...Ch. 2.7 - Voltage sags and swells. Refer to the Electrical...Ch. 2.7 - Treating psoriasis with the Doctorfish of Kangal....Ch. 2.7 - Budget lapsing at army hospitals. Accountants use...Ch. 2.7 - Salary offers to MBAs. Consider the top salary...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.115ACICh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.116ACICh. 2.7 - Sanitation inspection of cruise ships. Referto...Ch. 2.7 - Network server downtime. A manufacturer of network...Ch. 2.7 - Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Refer...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.120ACACh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.121ACACh. 2.8 - Construct a scatterplot for the data in the...Ch. 2.8 - Construct a scatterplot for the data in the...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.124ACBCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.125ACBCh. 2.8 - Lobster trap placement. Strategic placement of...Ch. 2.8 - Does elevation impact hitting performance in...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.128ACBCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.129ACBCh. 2.8 - Spreading rate of spilled liquid A contract...Ch. 2.8 - Performance ratings of government agencies. The...Ch. 2.8 - Most valuable NFL teams. Refer to the Forbes...Ch. 2.8 - Best-paid CEOs. Refer to Glassdoor Economic...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.134ACACh. 2.10 - Museum management. Refer to the Museum Management...Ch. 2.10 - Volkswagen emissions scandal. Refer to the...Ch. 2.10 - BP oil leak. In the summer of 2010, an explosion...Ch. 2 - Construet a relative frequency histogram for the...Ch. 2 - Discuss the conditions under which the median is...Ch. 2 - Consider the following three measurements: 50, 70,...Ch. 2 - Refer to Exercise 2.141c. For parts a-d, determine...Ch. 2 - For each of the following data sets, compute x,...Ch. 2 - For each of the following data sets, compute x,...Ch. 2 - Explain why we generally prefer the standard...Ch. 2 - If the range of a set of data is 20, find a rough...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.147LMCh. 2 - Motivation of drug dealers. Refer to the Applied...Ch. 2 - Slogs for Fortune 500 firms. Web site...Ch. 2 - Management system failures. The U.S. Chemical...Ch. 2 - Business marketing publications....Ch. 2 - U.S. business bankruptcies. The American...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.153ACBCh. 2 - Products Made in the USA. Made in the USA is a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.155ACBCh. 2 - Drivers stopped by police. According to the Bureau...Ch. 2 - U.S. wine export markets. The Center for...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.158ACICh. 2 - Hull failures of oil tankers. Owing to several...Ch. 2 - Software defects. The Promise Software Engineering...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.161ACICh. 2 - Time to develop price quotes. A manufacturer of...Ch. 2 - Trend in Iraq War casualties. While the United...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.164ACICh. 2 - Radiation levels in homes. In some locations,...Ch. 2 - Doctors and ethics. For physicians confronted with...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.167ACICh. 2 - Investigating the claims of weight-loss clinics....Ch. 2 - Age discrimination study. The Age Discrimination...Ch. 2 - No Child Left Behind Act. According to the...Ch. 2 - Steel rod quality. In his essay Making Things...
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