Hull failures of oil tankers. Owing to several major ocean oil spills by tank vessels, Congress passed the Oil Pollution Act, which requires all tankers to be designed with thicker hulls. Further improvements in the structural design of a tank vessel have been proposed since then, each with the objective of reducing the likelihood of an oil spill and decreasing the amount of outflow in the
- a. Use a graphical method to describe the cause of oil spillage for the 42 tankers. Does the graph suggest that any one cause is more likely to occur than any other? How is this information of value to the design engineers?
- b. Find and interpret
descriptive statistics for the 42 spillage amounts. Use this information to form an interval that can be used to predict the spillage amount of the next major oil spill.
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Statistics for Business and Economics (13th Edition)
- Table 1: Vehicles Engine size Number Vehicle Model City MPG Hwy MPG Model Cylinders Transmission Fuel of gears Class Year ACURA small 3.5 6. Automatic 6. Gasoline 28 2010 RDX SUV HYUNDAI 1.6 4 Manual 7 Gasoline large car 28 38 2015 Sonata Small Ford Fiesta 1.6 4 Manual Gasoline 28 36 2006 car DODGE midsize 6.4 8 Automatic Gasoline 14 25 2010 Challenger car BMW X5 standard 3 6. Automatic 8 Gasoline 18 24 2013 xDrive35i SUV HONDA midsize 3.5 6 Automatic 6. Gasoline 21 32 2014 Accord car LAND ROVER standard 3 6. Automatic Diesel 22 29 2008 Range SUV Rover BENTLEY midsize 6.8 Automatic Gasoline 11 18 2012 Mulsanne car MAZDA small 2.5 4 Automatic Gasoline 24 30 2013 СХ-5 SUV PORSCHE small Cayman 3.4 6. Manual 6. Gasoline 19 26 2015 car GTS 1b) Construct a frequency distribution table to represent the summary information of the variable "Vehicle Class" and display the results in a pie chart.arrow_forward2. Floods: Rapid drainage of floodwater is crucial to prevent damage during heavy rains. Several designs for a drainage canal were considered for a certain city. Each design was tested five times, to determine how long it took to drain the water in a reservoir. The following table presents the drainage times, in minutes. Channel Type Drainage Time 1 41.4 43.4 50.0 41.2 2 38.7 48.3 51.1 38.3 3 32.6 33.7 34.8 22.5 4 26.3 30.9 33.3 23.8 5 44.9 47.2 48.5 37.1 a. Construct an ANOVA table. b. Can you conclude that there is a difference in the mean drainage times for the different channel designs? Use the α = 0.01 level of significance.arrow_forwardTo determine the effectiveness of an oil additive, a testing firm purchased two cars of the same make, year, and model, and drove each a distance of 30,000 miles using the same kind of gasoline, the same kind of oil, the same driver, under the same road conditions. The oil in one engine included the additive, whereas the oil in the other engine did not. At the end of the test, the engines of both cars were dismantled, and it was found that the engine that contained the additive had less wear. The testing firm concluded that the oil additive caused the reduced wear. Construct a table that supports this conclusion. Which one of Mill's methods did the testing firm use? What sense of causality is involved in the conclusion?arrow_forward
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- A municipal solid-waste site for a city must be located at Site A or Site B. After sorting, some of the solid refuse will be transported to an electric powerplant where it will be used as fuel. Data for the hauling of refuse from each site to the power plant are shown in Table P2-4. If the power plant will pay $8.00 per cubic yard of sorted solid waste delivered to the plant, where should the solid-waste site be located? Use the city’s viewpoint and assume that 200,000 cubic yards of refuse will be hauled to the plant for one year only. One site must be selected.arrow_forward(Larsen and Marx, 2001) Creativity, as many studies have shown, is very much a province of the young. Whether the focus is music, literature, science, or mathematics, an individual's best work seldom occurs late in life. Einstein, for example, made his most profound discoveries at the age of 26; Newton, at the age of 23. The following are 12 scientific breakthroughs dating from the middle of the sixteenth century to the early years of the twentieth century. All represent high-water marks in the careers of the scientists involved. Discovery Earth goes around sun Telescope, basic laws of astronomy Principles of motion, gravitation, calculus Nature of electricity Burning is uniting with oxygen Earth evolved by gradual processes Evidence for natural selection controlling evolution Field equations for light Discoverer Year Copernicus 1543 Galileo 1600 Newton Franklin Lavoisier Lyell Darwin Maxwell 1665 1746 1774 1830 1858 1864 1896 1901 1905 Schrödinger 1926 Curie Planck Einstein Age 40 34…arrow_forwardThe owner of a moving company typically has their most experienced manager predict the total number of labor hours that will be required to complete an upcoming move. The approach has proven useful in the past, but the owner has their business objective of developing a more accurate method of predicting labor hours. In a preliminary effort to provide a more accurate method, the owner has decided to use the number of cubic feet moved as the independent variable and has collected data for 36 moves. The data is seen below: Hours Feet 24.00 545 13.50 400 26.25 562 25.00 540 9.00 220 20.00 344 22.00 569 11.25 340 50.00 900 12.00 285 38.75 865 40.00 831 19.50 344 18.00 360 28.00 750 27.00 650 21.00 415 15.00 275 25.00 557 45.00 1028 29.00 793 21.00 523 22.00 564 16.50 312 37.00 757 32.00 600 34.00 796 25.00 577…arrow_forward
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