a.
Interpretation:The net change to
Concept Introduction:Thechanging of atomic and mass numbers of an element in a nuclear reaction depends on the type of nuclear decay of the atom.
a.
Answer to Problem 2RQ
In alpha particle production, the
Explanation of Solution
Alpha particle is produced when an element undergoes alpha decay. The element releases an alpha particle from its nucleus which is a helium atom with z=2 and a=4, hence the atomic and mass numbers of the element get decreased by the subsequent values.
b.
Interpretation: The net change to atomic and mass number needs to be calculated for beta particle production
Concept Introduction:The changing of atomic and mass numbers of an element in a nuclear reaction depends on the type of nuclear decay of the atom.
b.
Answer to Problem 2RQ
In beta particle production, the atomic number increases by 1 and the mass number remains the same.
Explanation of Solution
Beta particle is produced when an element undergoes negative beta decay. The element releases a beta particle from its nucleus which is an electron from a neutron with conversion of the neutron into proton, hence the atomic number increases by one due to increase in proton but the mass number remains same.
c.
Interpretation: The net change to atomic and mass number needs to be calculated for electron capture.
Concept Introduction:The changing of atomic and mass numbers of an element in a nuclear reaction depends on the type of nuclear decay of the atom.
c.
Answer to Problem 2RQ
In electron capture, the atomic number decreases by 1 and the mass number remains same.
Explanation of Solution
In electron capture decay,the element accepts an electron into the nucleus which neutralizes the charge of a proton converting it into a neutron, hence the atomic number decreases by 1 due to decrease in proton and electron and mass remains unchanged.
d.
Interpretation: The net change to atomic and mass number needs to be calculated for positron particle production
Concept Introduction:The changing of atomic and mass numbers of an element in a nuclear reaction depends on the type of nuclear decay of the atom.
d.
Answer to Problem 2RQ
In beta particle production, the atomic number decreases by 1 and the mass number remains the same.
Explanation of Solution
Positron particle is produced when an element undergoes positive beta decay. The element releases a positron particle from its nucleus which is a massless positively charged particle from a proton with conversion of the proton into neutron, hence the atomic number decreases by one due to decrease in proton but the mass number remains same.
Chapter 19 Solutions
World of Chemistry
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- Given Kp for 2 reactions. Find the Kp for the following reaction: BrCl(g)+ 1/2 I2(g) ->IBr(g) + 1/2 Cl2(g)arrow_forwardFor a certain gas-phase reaction at constant pressure, the equilibrium constant Kp is observed to double when the temperature increases from 300 K to 400 K. Calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction, Ah, using this information.arrow_forwardHydrogen bonding in water plays a key role in its physical properties. Assume that the energy required to break a hydrogen bond is approximately 8 kJ/mol. Consider a simplified two-state model where a "formed" hydrogen bond is in the ground state and a "broken" bond is in the excited state. Using this model: • Calculate the fraction of broken hydrogen bonds at T = 300 K, and also at T = 273 K and T = 373 K. • At what temperature would approximately 50% of the hydrogen bonds be broken? • What does your result imply about the accuracy or limitations of the two-state model in describing hydrogen bonding in water? Finally, applying your understanding: • Would you expect it to be easier or harder to vaporize water at higher temperatures? Why? If you were to hang wet laundry outside, would it dry more quickly on a warm summer day or on a cold winter day, assuming humidity is constant?arrow_forward
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