Chapter 19, Problem 56A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation :

The use of ${}_{53}^{131}\text{I}$ and ${}_{81}^{201}\text{Tl}$ in medical diagnosis must be explained. The reason for the particular nuclides to be well suited for this purpose must also be explained.

Concept Introduction :

Many radioactive isotopes are used in nuclear medicines for imaging and other medical diagnosis processes.

Answer to Problem 56A

  ${}_{53}^{131}\text{I}$ and ${}_{81}^{201}\text{Tl}$ are used for the treatment of thyroid gland and myocardial perfusion imaging.

Explanation of Solution

Our thyroid gland can absorb iodine from the food one consumes for the natural activity of the gland. If a radioactive isotope of iodine like ${}_{53}^{131}\text{I}$ is administered orally to a patient, then some amount of ${}_{53}^{131}\text{I}$ will be in the thyroid gland. This nuclide emits a beta particle and Gamma-ray and so can be monitored by a machine that can measure radioactivity precisely. This can help in imaging of the thyroid gland and thus can help in the medical diagnosis.

${}_{81}^{201}\text{Tl}$ can absorb electron to convert itself to ${}_{80}^{201}\text{Hg}$_.In this process, X-ray is generated which can help in precise imaging.

Conclusion

  ${}_{53}^{131}\text{I}$ and ${}_{81}^{201}\text{Tl}$ are used in nuclear medicines for imaging which is useful in medical diagnosis.