Chapter 18, Problem 18.61EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both $\text{D}-\text{glucose}$ and $\text{D}-\text{galactose}$ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide.  Monosaccharide is categorized into two types.  The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses.  Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.

Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it.  For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both $\text{D}-\text{glucose}$ and $\text{D}-\text{frustose}$ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide.  Monosaccharide is categorized into two types.  The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses.  Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.

Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it.  For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both $\text{D}-\text{galactose}$ and $\text{D}-\text{frustose}$ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide.  Monosaccharide is categorized into two types.  The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses.  Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.

Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it.  For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both  $\text{D}-\text{glyceraldehyde}$ and $\text{D}-\text{ribose}$ has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide.  Monosaccharide is categorized into two types.  The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses.  Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.

Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it.  For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.