(a)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of esters of carboxylic acids:
The acyl group bonded to
The naming of an ester of a
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Dimethyl carbonate
From the name, it is clear that two methyl groups are attached to oxygen atoms in the compound and the parent ester group is carbonate.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(b)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of nitriles:
The numbering 1 can be given to the nitrile carbon atom and add nitrile to end of the
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
The functional group is nitrile and benzene ring is attached to it.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
Benzo nitrile
(c)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of esters of carboxylic acids:
The acyl group bonded to
The naming of an ester of a carboxylic acid is done by naming alkyl or aryl group bonded to oxygen first followed by the name of the acid in which the suffix –ic acid is replaced by the suffix –ate.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Isopropyl-3-methylhexanoate
The alkyl group attached on oxygen atom is the isopropyl group and the parent chain is the methylhexanoate.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(d)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of esters of carboxylic acids:
The acyl group bonded to
The naming of an ester of a carboxylic acid is done by naming alkyl or aryl group bonded to oxygen first followed by the name of the acid in which the suffix –ic acid is replaced by the suffix –ate.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Diethyl oxalate
From the name, it is clear that two ethyl groups are attached to oxygen atoms in the compound and the parent ester group is oxalate.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(e)
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of esters of carboxylic acids:
The acyl group bonded to
The naming of an ester of a carboxylic acid is done by naming alkyl or aryl group bonded to oxygen first followed by the name of the acid in which the suffix –ic acid is replaced by the suffix –ate.
(e)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Ethyl (Z)-2-pentenoate
The alkyl group attached on oxygen atom is the ethyl group and the parent chain is the pentenoate. The double bond is having E configuration.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(f)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of anhydrides:
The nomenclature of anhydride involves replacement of the word acid with anhydride. In the case of mixed anhydrides, both acids should be named.
(f)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Butanoic anhydride
From the butanoic acid, acid part can be replaced with an anhydride group.
(g)
Interpretation:
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of amides and imides:
The acyl group bonded to a nitrogen atom is the functional group of an amide.
The naming of an amide can be done by giving the suffix –oic acid from the IUPAC name of the parent acid and adding –amide.
The location of the alkyl or aryl group attached on nitrogen atom in an amide is indicated by ‘N-‘
The indication “ N,N-di-“ is used for two identical alkyl or aryl groups on nitrogen atom
(g)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Dodecanamide:
The functional group is amide and the acyl group attached is the dodecane group.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(h)
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of esters of carboxylic acids:
The acyl group bonded to
The naming of an ester of a carboxylic acid is done by naming alkyl or aryl group bonded to oxygen first followed by the name of the acid in which the suffix –ic acid is replaced by the suffix –ate.
(h)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Ethyl-3-hydroxybutanoate
The alkyl group attached on oxygen atom is the ethyl group and the parent chain is the butanoate and a hydroxyl group is present in the third position.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(i)
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of acid chlorides:
The nomenclture of acid chlorides can be done by replacing –oic acid with –oyl chloride.
(i)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Octanoyl chloride
The acid group from the octanoic acid will be replaced by acid chloride group.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(j)
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of esters of carboxylic acids:
The acyl group bonded to
The naming of an ester of a carboxylic acid is done by naming alkyl or aryl group bonded to oxygen first followed by the name of the acid in which the suffix –ic acid is replaced by the suffix –ate.
(j)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Diethyl cis-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate
The alkyl group attached on oxygen atom are two ethyl groups and the parent chain is the dicarboxylate and a cyclohecxane group is present in the 1,2 position.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(k)
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of acid chlorides:
The nomenclture of acid chlorides can be done by replacing –oic acid with –oyl chloride.
(k)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
Methanesulfonyl chloride
The acid group from the methanesulfonic acid will be replaced by acid chloride group.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
(l)
The structural formula for the given compound has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Nomenclature of acid chlorides:
The nomenclture of acid chlorides can be done by replacing –oic acid with –oyl chloride.
(l)
Explanation of Solution
The name of the compound is given below:
p-Toluenesulfonyl chloride
The acid group from the p-toluenesulfonic acid will be replaced by acid chloride group.
Thus, the structure of the compound is given below:
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- 4. For the reactions below, draw the expected product. Be sure to indicate relevant stereochemistry or formal charges in the product structure. a) CI, H e b) H lux ligh Br 'Harrow_forwardArrange the solutions in order of increasing acidity. (Note that K (HF) = 6.8 x 10 and K (NH3) = 1.8 × 10-5) Rank solutions from least acidity to greatest acidity. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Least acidity NH&F NaBr NaOH NH,Br NaCIO Reset Greatest acidityarrow_forward1. Consider the following molecular-level diagrams of a titration. O-HA molecule -Aion °° о ° (a) о (b) (c) (d) a. Which diagram best illustrates the microscopic representation for the EQUIVALENCE POINT in a titration of a weak acid (HA) with sodium. hydroxide? (e)arrow_forward
- Answers to the remaining 6 questions will be hand-drawn on paper and submitted as a single file upload below: Review of this week's reaction: H₂NCN (cyanamide) + CH3NHCH2COOH (sarcosine) + NaCl, NH4OH, H₂O ---> H₂NC(=NH)N(CH3)CH2COOH (creatine) Q7. Draw by hand the reaction of creatine synthesis listed above using line structures without showing the Cs and some of the Hs, but include the lone pairs of electrons wherever they apply. (4 pts) Q8. Considering the Zwitterion form of an amino acid, draw the Zwitterion form of Creatine. (2 pts) Q9. Explain with drawing why the C-N bond shown in creatine structure below can or cannot rotate. (3 pts) NH2(C=NH)-N(CH)CH2COOH This bond Q10. Draw two tautomers of creatine using line structures. (Note: this question is valid because problem Q9 is valid). (4 pts) Q11. Mechanism. After seeing and understanding the mechanism of creatine synthesis, students should be ready to understand the first half of one of the Grignard reactions presented in a past…arrow_forwardPropose a synthesis pathway for the following transformations. b) c) d)arrow_forwardThe rate coefficient of the gas-phase reaction 2 NO2 + O3 → N2O5 + O2 is 2.0x104 mol–1 dm3 s–1 at 300 K. Indicate whether the order of the reaction is 0, 1, or 2.arrow_forward
- 8. Draw all the resonance forms for each of the following molecules or ions, and indicate the major contributor in each case, or if they are equivalent. (4.5 pts) (a) PH2 سمةarrow_forward3. Assign absolute configuration (Rors) to each chirality center. a. H Nitz C. он b. 0 H-C. C H 7 C. ་-4 917-417 refs H 1つ ८ ડુ d. Но f. -2- 01 Ho -OH 2HNarrow_forwardHow many signals do you expect in the H NMR spectrum for this molecule? Br Br Write the answer below. Also, in each of the drawing areas below is a copy of the molecule, with Hs shown. In each copy, one of the H atoms is colored red. Highlight in red all other H atoms that would contribute to the same signal as the H already highlighted red. Note for advanced students: In this question, any multiplet is counted as one signal. Number of signals in the 'H NMR spectrum. For the molecule in the top drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in top molecule For the molecule in the bottom drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in bottom moleculearrow_forward
- In the drawing area below, draw the major products of this organic reaction: 1. NaOH ? 2. CH3Br If there are no major products, because nothing much will happen to the reactant under these reaction conditions, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : A คarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: NC Δ ? Some important Notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to draw bonds carefully to show important geometric relationships between substituents. Note: if your answer contains a complicated ring structure, you must use one of the molecular fragment stamps (available in the menu at right) to enter the ring structure. You can add any substituents using the pencil tool in the usual way. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Х аarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction. Be sure you use dash and wedge bonds to show stereochemistry where it's important. + ☑ OH 1. TsCl, py .... 文 P 2. t-BuO K Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning