Chapter 17, Problem 17.31EP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

IUPAC names has to be assigned for the eight isomeric primary amines that have the molecular formula of ${\text{C}}_{\text{5}}{\text{H}}_{\text{13}}\text{N}$.

Concept Introduction:

Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula.  Each and every compound has its own molecular formula.  Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.

Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.  The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure.  Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula.  This is known as Isomerism.

If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism.  The isomers are known as constitutional isomers.  They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.

IUPAC nomenclature for amine:  There are about five rules to be followed in giving IUPAC name for an amine.

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that is attached to nitrogen atom.
• Suffix “-e” in name of the parent chain alkane is replaced by “-amine”.
• Numbering of the carbon chain is done from the end that is near the nitrogen atom.
• Point of attachment of the nitrogen atom in the carbon chain is indicated by a number before the parent chain name.
• In case if substituents are present, then the identity and location of substituents are appended to the front in the parent chain name.

If the compound contains two amine groups, then the suffix “-e” is replaced by diamine.  Tertiary and secondary amines are named as N-substituted primary amines.

Common name for amine is given in a single word.  Primary amine is named as alkylamine.  Secondary amine is named as alkylalkylamine.  Tertiary amine is named as alkylalkylalkylamine.