Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 15E
Table 17.2 lists the temperature ranges that correspond to the different spectral types. What part of the star do these temperatures refer to? Why?
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"51 Pegasi" is the name of the first normal star (besides the Sun) around which a planet was discovered. It is in the constellation Pegasus the horse. Its parallax is measured to be 0.064 arcsec.
a. What is its distance from us?
b. The apparent brightness is 1.79 × 10-10 J/(s·m2 ). What is the luminosity? How does that compare with that of the Sun? Look up the temperature: how do
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 17 - What two factors determine how bright a star...Ch. 17 - Explain why color is a measure of a star’s...Ch. 17 - What is the main reason that the spectra of all...Ch. 17 - What elements are stars mostly made of? How do we...Ch. 17 - What did Annie Cannon contribute to the...Ch. 17 - Name five characteristics of a star that can be...Ch. 17 - How do objects of spectral types L, T, and Y...Ch. 17 - Do stars that look brighter in the sky have larger...Ch. 17 - The star Antares has an apparent magnitude of 1.0,...Ch. 17 - Based on their colors, which of the following...
Ch. 17 - Order the seven basic spectral types from hottest...Ch. 17 - What is the defining difference between a brown...Ch. 17 - If the star Sirius emits 23 times more energy than...Ch. 17 - How would two stars of equal luminosity-one blue...Ch. 17 - Table 17.2 lists the temperature ranges that...Ch. 17 - Suppose you are given the task of measuring the...Ch. 17 - Star X has lines of ionized helium in its...Ch. 17 - The spectrum of the Sun has hundreds of strong...Ch. 17 - What are the approximate spectral classes of stars...Ch. 17 - Look at the chemical elements in Appendix K. Can...Ch. 17 - Appendix I lists some of the nearest stars. Are...Ch. 17 - Appendix J lists the stars that appear brightest...Ch. 17 - What star appears the brightest in the sky (other...Ch. 17 - Suppose hominids one million years ago had left...Ch. 17 - Why can only a lower limit to the rate of stellar...Ch. 17 - Why do you think astronomers have suggested three...Ch. 17 - Sam, a college student, just bought a new car....Ch. 17 - Would a red star have a smaller or larger...Ch. 17 - Two stars have proper motions of one arcsecond per...Ch. 17 - Suppose there are three stars in space, each...Ch. 17 - What would you say to a friend who made this...Ch. 17 - In Appendix J, how much more luminous is the most...Ch. 17 - Verify that if two stars have a difference of five...Ch. 17 - As seen from Earth, the Sun has an apparent...Ch. 17 - An astronomer is investigating a faint star that...Ch. 17 - The center of a faint but active galaxy has...Ch. 17 - You have enough information from this chapter to...Ch. 17 - Do the previous problem again, this time using the...Ch. 17 - Star A and Star B have different apparent...Ch. 17 - Star A and Star B have different apparent...Ch. 17 - The star Sirius A has an apparent magnitude of 1.5...Ch. 17 - Our Sun, a type G star, has a surface temperature...
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- Using solar units, we find that a star has 4 times the luminosity of the Sun, a mass 1.25 times the mass of the Sun, and a surface temperature of 4090 K (take the Sun's surface temperature to be 5784 K for the sake of this problem). This means the star has a radius of.................... solar radii and is a .................... star (use the classification).arrow_forwardChoose the statements that correctly describe the characteristics of the stars located in the labeled quadrants of the H-R diagram. Luminosityarrow_forwardSuppose a star has a luminosity of 7.0x1026 watts and an apparent brightness of 4.0x10-12 watt/m?. How far away is it? Give your answer in both kilometers and light-years.arrow_forwardThe spectral type of a star is directly related to its color. Recall that a star emits light as a blackbody, which has a particular shape to its spectrum, as shown in this figure. Based on this, what basic property of a star determines its color (and thus its spectral type)? Choose one: A. age B. composition C. radius D. temperaturearrow_forwardA star has a parallax angle of 0.0270 arcseconds and an apparent magnitude of 4.641. The distance to this star is 37.03 parsecs and the absolute magintude is 1.79. 18: What is the luminosity of this star? (HINT: The luminosity of the Sun is 3.85×1026 W.) Using the Forumla M1 - M2 = -2.5 log(L1/L2) the absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4.8arrow_forward12. A star with spectral type MO has a surface temperature of 3750 K and a radius of 0.63 Rsun: How many times more luminous is this star than the Sun? (if it is less luminous enter a number less than one) Answer: Submit All Answers Last Answer: 0.0923 Incorrect, tries 1/5. Hint: Use the Luminosity equation, which says that L is proportional to R^2 T^4. If you keep these as ratios compared to the sun, your L will also come out as a ratio compared to the Sun. This star has a mass of 0.4 Msun- Using the simple approximation that we made in class, what is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume that the lifetime of the sun is 1010 yr. Answer: Submit All Answers Compare this to the lifetime of a MO star listed in Table 22.1 (computed using a more sophisticated approach). Is the value you calculated in the previous problem longer or shorter than what is reported in the table? (L for longer, S for shorter) (You only get one try at this problem.) Answer: Submit All Answersarrow_forwardChoose the correct statements concerning spectral classes of stars. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e., B, AC, BCD...) A) Neutral hydrogen lines dominate the spectrum for stars with temperatures around 10,000 K because a lot of the hydrogen is in the n=2 level. B) Hydrogen lines are weak in type O-stars because most of it is completely ionized. C) Oh Be A Fine Guy/Girl Kiss Me, is a mnemonic for remembering spectral classes. D) The spectral sequence has recently been expanded to include L, T, and Y classes. E) K-stars are dominated by lines from ionized helium because they are so hot. F) The spectral types of stars arise primarily as a result of differences in temperature.arrow_forwardThe sketch below shows an H-R diagram for a star cluster. Consider the star to which the arrow points. How is it currently generating energy? Temperature A. by hydrogen shell burning around an inert helium core B. by gravitational contraction C. by core hydrogen fusion D.by core helium fusion combined with hydrogen shell burning E. by both hydrogen and helium shell burning around an inert carbon core Luminosity -→arrow_forward. The spectrum of Star A peaks at 700 nm. The spectrum of Star B peaks at 470 nm. We know nothing about what stage of stellar evolution either of these stars are in. Which of the following are true? A. Star A has a higher luminosity than Star B. B. Star B has a higher luminosity than Star A. C. Star A is cooler than Star B. D. Not enough information to comment on their luminosities. E. B and C F. C and Darrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
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