Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 8E
Do stars that look brighter in the sky have larger or smaller magnitudes than fainter stars?
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Consider two identical stars, A and B. Star B is 10 times farther away than star A. What is the difference
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 17 - What two factors determine how bright a star...Ch. 17 - Explain why color is a measure of a star’s...Ch. 17 - What is the main reason that the spectra of all...Ch. 17 - What elements are stars mostly made of? How do we...Ch. 17 - What did Annie Cannon contribute to the...Ch. 17 - Name five characteristics of a star that can be...Ch. 17 - How do objects of spectral types L, T, and Y...Ch. 17 - Do stars that look brighter in the sky have larger...Ch. 17 - The star Antares has an apparent magnitude of 1.0,...Ch. 17 - Based on their colors, which of the following...
Ch. 17 - Order the seven basic spectral types from hottest...Ch. 17 - What is the defining difference between a brown...Ch. 17 - If the star Sirius emits 23 times more energy than...Ch. 17 - How would two stars of equal luminosity-one blue...Ch. 17 - Table 17.2 lists the temperature ranges that...Ch. 17 - Suppose you are given the task of measuring the...Ch. 17 - Star X has lines of ionized helium in its...Ch. 17 - The spectrum of the Sun has hundreds of strong...Ch. 17 - What are the approximate spectral classes of stars...Ch. 17 - Look at the chemical elements in Appendix K. Can...Ch. 17 - Appendix I lists some of the nearest stars. Are...Ch. 17 - Appendix J lists the stars that appear brightest...Ch. 17 - What star appears the brightest in the sky (other...Ch. 17 - Suppose hominids one million years ago had left...Ch. 17 - Why can only a lower limit to the rate of stellar...Ch. 17 - Why do you think astronomers have suggested three...Ch. 17 - Sam, a college student, just bought a new car....Ch. 17 - Would a red star have a smaller or larger...Ch. 17 - Two stars have proper motions of one arcsecond per...Ch. 17 - Suppose there are three stars in space, each...Ch. 17 - What would you say to a friend who made this...Ch. 17 - In Appendix J, how much more luminous is the most...Ch. 17 - Verify that if two stars have a difference of five...Ch. 17 - As seen from Earth, the Sun has an apparent...Ch. 17 - An astronomer is investigating a faint star that...Ch. 17 - The center of a faint but active galaxy has...Ch. 17 - You have enough information from this chapter to...Ch. 17 - Do the previous problem again, this time using the...Ch. 17 - Star A and Star B have different apparent...Ch. 17 - Star A and Star B have different apparent...Ch. 17 - The star Sirius A has an apparent magnitude of 1.5...Ch. 17 - Our Sun, a type G star, has a surface temperature...
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- Is the Sun an average star? Why or why not?arrow_forwardOne method to measure the diameter of a star is to use an object like the Moon or a planet to block out its light and to measure the time it takes to cover up the object. Why is this method used more often with the Moon rather than the planets, even though there are more planets?arrow_forwardIn the parallax method of determining stellar distances, the angle to a star is measured while the earth is on one side of the sun and then again six months later, as in the diagram below. Assume the earth-sun distance is 1 Astronomical Unit. The parallax angle of Alpha Centauri is 0= 2.1 x 10-4 ° . Find the distance from the sun to a Centauri in light years. Assume a circular orbit for the Earth. a Centauri Earth (June) Earth (December) Sunarrow_forward
- You measure a star to have a parallax angle of 0.12 arc-seconds What is the distance to this star in parsecs? 8.33 Hint: d = 1/p What is the parallax angle of a different star that is twice as far away as the star from the previous problems? [answer in arc-seconds without including the unit]arrow_forward15: A star has a parallax angle of 0.0270 arcseconds and an apparent magnitude of 4.641. What is the distance to this star? Answer: 37 16: What is the absolute magnitude of this star? Answer:1.8 17: Is this star more or less luminous than the Sun? Answer "M" for More luminous or "L" for Less luminous. (HINT: the absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4.8) Answer: M 18: What is the luminosity of this star? (HINT: The luminosity of the Sun is 3.85×1026 W.) Please answer question #18, #15-17 are correct, the photos provide the work for them.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is least reasonable regarding the magnitude scale: Group of answer choices The numerical difference between a star's absolute and apparent magnitudes is a measure of the distance to the star. If the Sun were moved to a distance of 10 parsecs, its apparent magnitude would be about 4.8 and it would therefore not be visible to the naked eye. The fact that Sun's absolute magnitude of 4.8 is greater than the Sun's apparent magnitude of -27 implies that the Sun is a lot closer than 10 parsecs. Apparent magnitude measures a star's apparent brightness when viewed at the star's actual distance from the observer. A star's absolute magnitude is its apparent magnitude when viewed from a distance of 10 parsecs.arrow_forward
- Which star in the table of stellar data has the largest parallax? Star distance (pc) parallax angle (")| m M A 100 2 В 0.1 4 C 25 0.040 6 D 0.025 А. А О В. В O C.C O D.Darrow_forwardQ15. The space observatory Gaia was launched in 2013 as the successor to Hipparcos and is returning data on its ambitious mission to catalog the 3- dimensional position of more than 1 billion stars in the Milky Way. The smallest parallax angle it can measure, for stars of at least magnitude 12, is 0.000008", What is the most distant star to which Gaia can measure parallax? Q16. The center of our Galaxy is about 8,500 parsecs from Earth. a. What would be the parallax angle of a star near the center of the Galaxy? b. Could this angle be measured by Hipparcos? c. Could this angle be measured by Gaia?arrow_forwardThe absolute magnitude of a star in the Andromeda galaxy (distance 690 kpc) is M = 5. It explodes as a supernova, becoming onebillion (10 9 ) times brighter. What is its apparent magnitude?arrow_forward
- Verify that if two stars have a difference of five magnitudes, this corresponds to a factor of 100 in the ratio (b2b1) ; that 2.5 magnitudes corresponds to a factor of 10; and that 0.75 magnitudes corresponds to a factor of 2.arrow_forwardDescribe two ways of determining the diameter of a star.arrow_forwardAn eclipsing binary star system is observed with the following contact times for the main eclipse: each star in the system. The orbital velocity of the smaller star relative to the larger is 62,000 km/h. Determine the diameters for each star in the system.arrow_forward
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