Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 31E
What would you say to a friend who made this statement, “The visible-light spectrum of the Sun shows weak hydrogen lines and strong calcium lines. The Sun must therefore contain more calcium than hydrogen.”?
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 17 - What two factors determine how bright a star...Ch. 17 - Explain why color is a measure of a star’s...Ch. 17 - What is the main reason that the spectra of all...Ch. 17 - What elements are stars mostly made of? How do we...Ch. 17 - What did Annie Cannon contribute to the...Ch. 17 - Name five characteristics of a star that can be...Ch. 17 - How do objects of spectral types L, T, and Y...Ch. 17 - Do stars that look brighter in the sky have larger...Ch. 17 - The star Antares has an apparent magnitude of 1.0,...Ch. 17 - Based on their colors, which of the following...
Ch. 17 - Order the seven basic spectral types from hottest...Ch. 17 - What is the defining difference between a brown...Ch. 17 - If the star Sirius emits 23 times more energy than...Ch. 17 - How would two stars of equal luminosity-one blue...Ch. 17 - Table 17.2 lists the temperature ranges that...Ch. 17 - Suppose you are given the task of measuring the...Ch. 17 - Star X has lines of ionized helium in its...Ch. 17 - The spectrum of the Sun has hundreds of strong...Ch. 17 - What are the approximate spectral classes of stars...Ch. 17 - Look at the chemical elements in Appendix K. Can...Ch. 17 - Appendix I lists some of the nearest stars. Are...Ch. 17 - Appendix J lists the stars that appear brightest...Ch. 17 - What star appears the brightest in the sky (other...Ch. 17 - Suppose hominids one million years ago had left...Ch. 17 - Why can only a lower limit to the rate of stellar...Ch. 17 - Why do you think astronomers have suggested three...Ch. 17 - Sam, a college student, just bought a new car....Ch. 17 - Would a red star have a smaller or larger...Ch. 17 - Two stars have proper motions of one arcsecond per...Ch. 17 - Suppose there are three stars in space, each...Ch. 17 - What would you say to a friend who made this...Ch. 17 - In Appendix J, how much more luminous is the most...Ch. 17 - Verify that if two stars have a difference of five...Ch. 17 - As seen from Earth, the Sun has an apparent...Ch. 17 - An astronomer is investigating a faint star that...Ch. 17 - The center of a faint but active galaxy has...Ch. 17 - You have enough information from this chapter to...Ch. 17 - Do the previous problem again, this time using the...Ch. 17 - Star A and Star B have different apparent...Ch. 17 - Star A and Star B have different apparent...Ch. 17 - The star Sirius A has an apparent magnitude of 1.5...Ch. 17 - Our Sun, a type G star, has a surface temperature...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The text says that the Local Fluff, which surrounds the Sun, has a temperature of 7500 K and a density 0.1 atom per cm3. The Local Fluff is embedded in hot gas with a temperature of 106 K and a density of about 0.01 atom per cm3. Are they in equilibrium? (Hint: In pressure equilibrium, the two regions must have nT equal, where n is the number of particles per unit volume and T is the temperature.) What is likely to happen to the Local Fluff?arrow_forwardanswer for 3arrow_forwardSuppose we detect red photons at 656 nm emitted by electrons dropping from the n = 3 to the n = 2 orbital in hydrogen. The hydrogen is in an interstellar cloud at 5000k. If the cloud were heted to 10000 K, what would be the wavelength of the photons emitted by the transition? a) 328 nm b) 656 nm c) 1312 nm d) 658 nm e) 654 nmarrow_forward
- A star has a surface area of 6.99x1018 m2. How much power does it radiate if it has a surface temperature of 5274 K? Submit your answer in exponential form.arrow_forward!arrow_forwardYour research team analysis the light of a mysterious object in space. By using a spectrometer,you can observe the following spectrum of the object. The Hα line peak is clearly visible. Answer the questions from given graph (a) Mark the first four spectral lines of hydrogen (Hα, Hβ, Hγ, Hδ) in the spectrum.(b) Determine the radial velocity and the direction of the object’s movement.(c) Calculate the distance to the observed object.(d) What possible type of object is your team observing?arrow_forward
- In hydrogen, the transition from level 2 to level 1 has a rest wavelength of 121.6 nm. Find the speed for a star in which this line appears at wavelength 120.5 mm. What about at 122.4 nm? Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.arrow_forwardAnalyzing the line spectrum from a star, you notice that all the hydrogen lines have wavelengths longer than the laboratory values for the same line. The H alpha line wavelength is 0.8% longer. The other hydrogen lines should have wavelengths which are [ Select] [ Select ] longer for some, shorter for others. The shifts are due to [ Select ] longer by different amounts. all 0.8% longer.arrow_forward3 E As a star becomes a giant, its outer layers are expanding and the pressure consequently drops in the outer atmosphere. Where does the energy for expanding these layers come from? O from a magnetic dynamo effect in the star's outer layers, caused by a much stronger magnetic field inside the star O from the fusion of hydrogen into helium in a shell around the core O from an explosion in the core O from the fusion of helium into carbon in the core. O from the long-term fusion of hydrogen into helium in the core C F3 44 $ R 49 F F4 ww V DII FS % Q Search 5 T G * A 6 B F6 H F7 & 7 U N PrtScn F8 8 Home 3 9 K End F10 PgUp FI O Larrow_forward
- emission spectrum for hydrogen in Figure 11.35a). Fig 11.38: Four possible electron transitions within a hydrogen atom Electron transition D represents the smallest change in energy of the electron. A photon of lowest energy will be emitted. This corresponds to the red line in the line emission spectrum for hydrogen in Figure 11.35a). Remember these are just four possible electron transitions which emit photons of light that fall in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Bear in mind that there are many other possible electron transitions that produce light which fall in the infrared and ultra- violet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This light is not visible to the human eye. Energy of the emitted photons When an excited electron falls to a lower energy level it emits a photon. The energy of the emitted photon (E = hf) depends on the difference in energy between the two levels: hf = Ez- E Worked example: Refer to Figure 11.36. Consider an electron transition from…arrow_forwardAssuming that the Sun is a blackbody with a temperature of 6,000 K, at what wavelength does it radiate the most energy? [4.8 x 10‐7 m]arrow_forwardAt the surface of the sun, the temperature is approximately 5800 K. What fraction of the energy is in the visible portion of the spectrum? (Hint: Do the integral numerically.)arrow_forward
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