Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042282
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 56P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The structure of two esters that will be reduced to propanol and butanol by
Concept introduction:
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3. A gas mixture contains 50 mol% H2 and 50 mol% He.
1.00-L samples of this gas mixture are mixed with
variable volumes of O2 (at 0 °C and 1 atm). A spark is
introduced to allow the mixture to undergo complete
combustion. The final volume is measured at 0 °C and 1
atm. Which graph best depicts the final volume as a
function of the volume of added O2?
(A)
2.00
1.75
Final Volume, L
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.50
2.00
(B)
1.75
1.50
Final Volume, L
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50-
0.25
0.00
0.75
1.00
0.00
0.25
Volume O₂ added, L
2
0.50
0.75
1.00
Volume O₂ added, L
2
2.00
2.00
(C)
(D)
1.75
1.75
1.50
1.50
Final Volume, L
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
Final Volume, L
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0.00
0.25
Volume O₂ added, L
0.50
0.75
1.00
Volume O₂ added, L
2
Leucine is an essential amino acid with the systematic name 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid. It has pai
2.36 and pKa2 = 9.60.
H2N-C(R)H-COOH and R is -CH2-CH(CH3)2
A. Draw the condensed structure for leucine, and label all chirality centers with an asterisk.
B. How many possible stereoisomers of leucine are there?
C. Draw a Fischer projection of L-leucine and label the chirality center(s) as R or S.
D. What is the p/ of leucine?
E. Draw the structure of the predominant form of leucine at 10.00.
F.
Draw the structure of the predominant form of leucine at pH = 1.50.
G. Leucine is described as an essential amino acid. What does this mean?
H. Show the alkyl halide you would use to prepare leucine by the amidomalonate method.
=
a) Write out 6 completely different reactions of acetophenone (reagent, product).
b) Write out 3 preparations of 1-methylcyclohexanol, using a different starting material
for each one. You may use preps where you just change the functional group, and/or
preps where you construct the carbon chain.
c) Write out 3 preparations of 2-ethoxybenzoic acid, a different starting material for
each one. You may use preps where you just change the functional group, and/or
preps where you construct the carbon chain.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - Give two names for each of the following:Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 2PCh. 16.1 - Name the following:Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 4PCh. 16.4 - What products are formed when the following...Ch. 16.4 - We saw on the previous page that...Ch. 16.4 - a. How many stereoisomers are obtained from the...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 9PCh. 16.4 - Write the mechanism for the reaction of acetyl...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 11P
Ch. 16.4 - Show how the following compounds can be...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 13PCh. 16.4 - Prob. 14PCh. 16.4 - In the mechanism for cyanohydrin formation, why is...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16PCh. 16.4 - Prob. 17PCh. 16.4 - Show two ways to convert an alkyl halide into a...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 20PCh. 16.5 - Prob. 21PCh. 16.5 - Prob. 22PCh. 16.5 - Prob. 23PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 24PCh. 16.7 - What reducing agents should be used to obtain the...Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 26PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 27PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 28PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 29PCh. 16.8 - The pKa of protonated acetone is about 7.5. and...Ch. 16.8 - Prob. 31PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 32PCh. 16.8 - Prob. 33PCh. 16.8 - Excess ammonia must be used when a primary amine...Ch. 16.8 - The compounds commonly known as amino acids are...Ch. 16.9 - Hydration of an aldehyde is also catalyzed by...Ch. 16.9 - Which ketone forms the most hydrate in an aqueous...Ch. 16.9 - When trichloroacetaldehyde is dissolved in water,...Ch. 16.9 - Which of the following are a. hermiacetals? b....Ch. 16.9 - Prob. 40PCh. 16.9 - Explain why an acetal can be isolated but most...Ch. 16.10 - Prob. 42PCh. 16.10 - Prob. 43PCh. 16.10 - What products would be formed from the proceedings...Ch. 16.10 - a. In a six-step synthesis, what is the yield of...Ch. 16.10 - Show how each of the following compounds could be...Ch. 16.12 - Prob. 47PCh. 16.13 - Prob. 49PCh. 16.14 - Prob. 50PCh. 16.15 - Prob. 51PCh. 16.16 - Prob. 52PCh. 16 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 16 - Prob. 54PCh. 16 - Prob. 55PCh. 16 - Prob. 56PCh. 16 - a. Show the reagents required to form the primary...Ch. 16 - Prob. 58PCh. 16 - Prob. 59PCh. 16 - Using cyclohexanone as the starting material,...Ch. 16 - Propose a mechanism for each of the following...Ch. 16 - Show how each of the following compounds can be...Ch. 16 - Fill in the boxes:Ch. 16 - Prob. 64PCh. 16 - Identify A through O:Ch. 16 - Prob. 66PCh. 16 - Prob. 67PCh. 16 - Prob. 68PCh. 16 - How many signals would the product of the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 70PCh. 16 - Prob. 71PCh. 16 - Prob. 72PCh. 16 - Prob. 73PCh. 16 - Prob. 74PCh. 16 - Prob. 75PCh. 16 - Prob. 76PCh. 16 - Prob. 77PCh. 16 - Prob. 78PCh. 16 - Draw structure for A-D for each of the following:Ch. 16 - Prob. 80PCh. 16 - a. Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:...Ch. 16 - Prob. 82PCh. 16 - A compound gives the following IR spectrum. Upon...Ch. 16 - How can be following compounds be prepared from...Ch. 16 - Prob. 85PCh. 16 - Prob. 86PCh. 16 - Prob. 87PCh. 16 - In the presence of an acid catalyst, acetaldehyde...Ch. 16 - Prob. 89PCh. 16 - Prob. 90PCh. 16 - Prob. 91PCh. 16 - A compound reacts with methylmagnesium bromide...Ch. 16 - Show how each of the following compounds can be...Ch. 16 - Prob. 94PCh. 16 - The pKa values of the carboxylic acid groups of...Ch. 16 - The Baylis-Hillman reaction is a DABCO...Ch. 16 - Prob. 97PCh. 16 - Prob. 98P
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