Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Series)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305970663
Author: Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 18E
1.
To determine
Explain the reason for which the eco-efficiency is considered as better view than espoused by compliance management.
2.
To determine
Explain the meaning of properly designed regulation and identify the key assumptions that must hold for the guided eco efficiency view to be valid.
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In order to correct the problems associated with external costs,
O standards must be established that make it illegal to pollute.
O the prices of all goods must be raised so people will consume less of the world's resources.
the government must take over production of industries that are responsible for most of the pollution.
the signals given to the economy must change so that decision-makers will take into account all the costs of their actions.
Which of the following statements regarding CSR reporting is true?
a. CSR and sustainability information provides important feedback to guide a company's strategic
and operational goals regarding eco-efficiency measures.
b. CSR reporting rarely provides feedback that is helpful in guiding a company's strategic and
operational decision making.
c. CSR and sustainability reporting are helpful only to small companies with relatively simple
operating structures and processes.
d. CSR reporting and feedback may help a company increase revenues and control costs but it
rarely helps with efficient allocation of scarce resources.
Certain production equipment used by Dayton Mechanical has become obsolete relative to current technology. The company is considering whether it should keep or replace its existing equipment. To aid in this decision, the company’s controller gathered the following data: (See attached)
c. What is the total dollar amount of all relevant costs to the equipment replacement decision. $______
d. What is the total dollar amount of the opportunity costs associated with the alternative of keeping the old equipment? $______
Chapter 14 Solutions
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Series)
Ch. 14 - What is the difference between quality of design...Ch. 14 - Why are quality costs the costs of doing things...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3DQCh. 14 - Describe the Taguchi quality loss function, and...Ch. 14 - Identify and discuss the four kinds of quality...Ch. 14 - Explain why external failure costs can be more...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7DQCh. 14 - Prob. 8DQCh. 14 - Describe the three types of quality performance...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10DQ
Ch. 14 - If a firms annual sales are 200 million, what...Ch. 14 - Explain why it is important for a manager to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13DQCh. 14 - Explain why the Accounting Department should be...Ch. 14 - Prob. 15DQCh. 14 - What is ecoefficiency?Ch. 14 - Prob. 17DQCh. 14 - Prob. 18DQCh. 14 - Prob. 19DQCh. 14 - What are the four categories of environmental...Ch. 14 - Prob. 21DQCh. 14 - What does full environmental costing mean? Full...Ch. 14 - What information is communicated by the unit...Ch. 14 - Evans Company had total sales of 3,000,000 for...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2CECh. 14 - Ross Company implemented a quality improvement...Ch. 14 - Nabors Company had actual quality costs for the...Ch. 14 - Verde Company reported operating costs of...Ch. 14 - Pinter Company had the following environmental...Ch. 14 - Rachel Boyce, president of a company that...Ch. 14 - Quality attributes such as performance and...Ch. 14 - Stahman, Inc., estimates its hidden external...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10ECh. 14 - Abernathy, Inc., produces two different generators...Ch. 14 - Kang Company reported sales of 3,240,000 in 20x5....Ch. 14 - Gagnon Company reported the following sales and...Ch. 14 - Muskogee Company had sales of 60,000,000 in 20x1....Ch. 14 - Javier Company has sales of 8 million and quality...Ch. 14 - In 20x4, Tru-Delite Frozen Desserts, Inc.,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17ECh. 14 - Prob. 18ECh. 14 - Achieving sustainable development will likely...Ch. 14 - Classify the following environmental activities as...Ch. 14 - At the end of 20x5, Bing Pharmaceuticals began to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22ECh. 14 - Coyle Pharmaceuticals produces two organic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 24ECh. 14 - Which of the following quality costs is an...Ch. 14 - Which of the following would be a hidden quality...Ch. 14 - Using the Taguchi quality loss function, an...Ch. 14 - Environmental costs are those costs incurred...Ch. 14 - Two products, Product A and Product B, are...Ch. 14 - Kathy Shorts, president of Oliver Company, was...Ch. 14 - Panguitch Company manufactures a component for...Ch. 14 - Gaston Company manufactures furniture. One of its...Ch. 14 - Classify the following quality costs as...Ch. 14 - Wayne Johnson, president of Banshee Company,...Ch. 14 - Recently, Ulrich Company received a report from an...Ch. 14 - In 20x5, Major Company initiated a full-scale,...Ch. 14 - Paper Products Division produces paper diapers,...Ch. 14 - In 2011, Milton Thayne, president of Carbondale...Ch. 14 - Iona Company, a large printing company, is in its...Ch. 14 - Prob. 40PCh. 14 - The following items are listed in an environmental...Ch. 14 - Refer to Problem 14.41. In the environmental...Ch. 14 - The following environmental cost reports for 20x3,...Ch. 14 - Refer to Problem 14.43. In 20x3, Jack Carter,...
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- Environmental costs are those costs incurred because poor environmental quality exists or may exist. As with quality costs, environmental costs can be placed into one of four categories. One of these categories is external failure costs. Which of the following describes one of the two external failure cost categories? a. Costs incurred to detect pollution caused by the firm b. Costs incurred to prevent pollution from contaminating the environment after pollution has been produced c. Pollution costs caused by the firm but paid for by society d. Costs incurred to prevent the production of pollutionarrow_forwardClassify the following environmental activities as prevention costs, detection costs, internal failure costs, or external failure costs. For external failure costs, classify the costs as societal or private. Also, label those activities that are compatible with sustainable development (SD). 1. A company takes actions to reduce the amount of material in its packages. 2. After the activated carbons useful life, a soft-drink producer returns this material used for purifying water for its beverages to the supplier. The supplier reactivates the carbon for a second use in nonfood applications. As a consequence, many tons of material are prevented from entering landfills. 3. An evaporator system is installed to treat wastewater and collect usable solids for other uses. 4. The inks used to print snack packages (for chips) contain heavy metals. 5. Processes are inspected to ensure compliance with environmental standards. 6. Delivery boxes are used five times and then recycled. This prevents 112 million pounds of cardboard from entering landfills and saves 2 million trees per year. 7. Scrubber equipment is installed to ensure that air emissions are less than the level permitted by law. 8. Local residents are incurring medical costs from illnesses caused by air pollution from automobile exhaust pollution. 9. As part of implementing an environmental perspective for the Balanced Scorecard, environmental performance measures are developed. 10. Because of liquid and solid residues being discharged into a local lake, the lake is no longer fit for swimming, fishing, and other recreational activities. 11. To reduce energy consumption, magnetic ballasts are replaced with electronic ballasts, and more efficient light bulbs and lighting sensors are installed. As a result, 2.3 million kilowatt-hours of electricity are saved per year. 12. Due to a legal settlement, a chemicals company must spend 20,000,000 to clean up contaminated soil. 13. A soft-drink company uses the following practice: In all bottling plants, packages damaged during filling are collected and recycled (glass, plastic, and aluminum). 14. Products are inspected to ensure that the gaseous emissions produced during operation follow legal and company guidelines. 15. Operating pollution control equipment incurs costs. 16. An internal audit is conducted to verify that environmental policies are being followed.arrow_forwardIn which of the following situations is a company most likely to benefit from implementing ABC? When the company operates in an environment where the risk of cost distortion is high. When the company already has the necessary accounting and technological expertise in place. When the company has very few competitors. When the company produces and sells a single product.arrow_forward
- There are currently no formal mandatory environmental accounting standards firms must adhere to. Given the lack of regulation, should accountants even bother with preparing sustainability reports? Why or why not?arrow_forwardThe following items are listed in an environmental financial statement (issued as part of an environmental progress report): Environmental benefits (savings, income, and cost avoidance): Ozone-depleting substances cost reductions Hazardous waste disposal cost reductions Hazardous waste material cost reductions Nonhazardous waste disposal cost reductions Nonhazardous waste material cost reductions Recycling income Energy conservation cost savings Packaging cost reductions Environmental costs: Corporate-level administrative costs Auditor fees Environmental engineering Facility professionals and programs Packaging professionals and programs for packaging reductions Pollution controls: Operations and maintenance Pollution controls: Depreciation Attorney fees for cleanup claims, and notices of violations (NOVs) Settlements of government claims Waste disposal Environmental taxes for packaging Remediation/cleanup: On-site Remediation/cleanup: Off-site Required: 1. Classify each item in the statement as prevention, detection, internal failure, or external failure. In classifying the items listed in the environmental benefits category, first classify the underlying cost item (e.g., the cost of hazardous waste disposal). Next, think of how you would classify the cost of the activities that led to the cost reduction. That is, how would you classify the macro activity: reducing hazardous waste cost disposal? 2. Assuming ecoefficiency, what relationship over time would you expect to observe between the environmental benefits category and the environmental costs category?arrow_forwardSouthwest Airlines' activities to achieve lower cost have been well documented in academics and business press. Yet most of the low cost airlines fail to match its success while imitating its strategy. This can be explained by ____ a) Interconnected resources b) Social complexity c) Unique Organizational Culture d) All of the abovearrow_forward
- Prepare a report from Mary Jane to Don explaining how these changes will affect Mirabel’s overall cost structure. For those changes that are controllable, make a recommendation considering the uncontrollable cost changes. Be certain to consider not only the company’s break-even point, but also the desired margin of safety.arrow_forward1.Which of the following statements is not correct about ESG? a.A mature ESG presence helps companies identify and tap into new markets, reach underserved customer bases, and innovate new products and services. b.A mature ESG presence leads to cost savings by reducing operating costs associated with material inputs (like water, energy from fossil fuels, soil). c.ESG information is used to understand enterprise risk management. d.ESG is about avoiding investment in companies that do not share one’s values. 2.What is a stakeholder? (Select all that apply) a.Someone who does construction staking for new building design plans b.An employee of a company c.A customer d.Someone who owns a “stake” in a company 3.What does a materiality assessment do? a.Assess what types of materials a company needs to create a product. b.Assess what ESG issues are most important to the long-term success of the business and most important to stakeholders. c.Assess a company’s marketing…arrow_forwardAll of the following should be considered in a make-or-buy decision excepta. quality issues with the supplierb. future growth in the plant and other production opportunitiesc. whether the supplier will make a profit that would no longer belong to the business d. cost savingsarrow_forward
- Which of the following would be an argument for using the gross cost of plant and equipment as part of operating assets in return on investment computations? It eliminates the age of equipment as a factor in ROI computations. It is consistent with the computation of net operating income, which includes depreciation as an operating expense. It discourages the replacement of old, worn-out equipment because of the dramatic, adverse effect on ROI. It is consistent with the balance sheetarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true regarding continuous improvement?A. It applies to both service and manufacturing companies.B. It is used to reduce performance costs.C. It rejects the idea of “good enough.”D. It can be applied only to improve processes and products but not services and practices.arrow_forwardAt a recent seminar you attended, the invited speaker was discussing some of the advantages and disadvantages of standard costs in terms of evaluating performance and motivating goal-congruent behavior on the part of employees. One criticism of standard costs in particular caught your attention: The use of conventional standard costs may not provide appropriate incentives for improvements needed to compete effectively with world-class organizations. The speaker then discussed so-called continuous-improvement standard costs. Such standards embody systematically lower costs over time. For example, on a monthly basis, it might be appropriate to budget a 1.0% reduction in per-unit direct labor cost. Assume that the standard wage rate into the foreseeable future is $24 per hour. Assume, too, that the budgeted labor-hour standard for October of the current year is 2.10 hours and that this standard is reduced each month by 1%. During December of the current year the company produced 8,500…arrow_forward
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