Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 17RQ
Which of the following is not a true statement comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic
- Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA polymerases build off RNA primers made by primase
- Eukaryotic DNA replication requires multiple replication forks, while prokaryotic replication uses a single origin to rapidly replicate the entire genome
- DNA replication always occurs in the nucleus
- Eukaryotic DNA replication involves more polymerases than prokaryotic replication.
Expert Solution & Answer
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All of the following are differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic replication except for:
Group of answer choices
1 Eukaryotes lose parts of their chromosomes after each round of replication
2 Eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication
3 Prokaryotes have fewer types of DNA polymerases
4 Prokaryotes have to replicate nucleosomes
The enzymatic activity of prokaryotic DNA polymerases is faster than that of eukaryotic DNA polymerases, but the overall rate of DNA replication is faster in eukaryotes than prokaryotes. How is this possible?
Group of answer choices
Prokaryotic but not eukaryotic DNA replication requires a primer.
Eukaryotic but not prokaryotic DNA replication proceeds from multiple origins.
Prokaryotic DNA replication is a more complex process, with time-consuming polymerase switching that is not needed in eukaryotes.
Prokaryotic but not eukaryotic DNA replication proceeds from both 5’ --> 3’ and 3’ --> 5’
Prokaryotic DNA polymerases and not eukaryotic polymerases have proofreading ability.
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?
Group of answer choices
the leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously
on the leading strand, the new nucleotides are added only to the 5' end of the nucleotide chain
on the lagging strand, the new nucleotides are added only to the 5' end of the nucleotide chain
DNA polymerase works from 3'--> 5' only
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 14 - Figure 14.10 In eukaryotic cells, DNA and RNA...Ch. 14 - Figure 14.14 You isolate a cell strain in which...Ch. 14 - Figure 14.21 A fr am eshift mutation that results...Ch. 14 - If DNA of a particular species was analyzed and it...Ch. 14 - The experiments by Hershey and Chase helped...Ch. 14 - Bacterial transformation is a major concern in...Ch. 14 - DNA double helix does not have which of the...Ch. 14 - In eukaryotes, what is the DNA wrapped around?...Ch. 14 - Meselson and Stahl's experiments proved that DNA...Ch. 14 - If the sequence of the 5'-3' strand is AATGCTAC,...
Ch. 14 - How did Meselson and Stahl support Watson and...Ch. 14 - Which of the following components is not involved...Ch. 14 - Which of the following does the enzyme primase...Ch. 14 - In which direction does DNA replication take...Ch. 14 - A scientist randomly mutates the DNA of a...Ch. 14 - The ends of the linear chromosomes are maintained...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is not a true statement...Ch. 14 - During proofreading, which of the following...Ch. 14 - The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide...Ch. 14 - A scientist creates fruit fly larvae with a...Ch. 14 - Explain Griffith's transformation experiments What...Ch. 14 - Why were radioactive sulfur and phosphorous used...Ch. 14 - When Chargaffwas performing his experiments, the...Ch. 14 - Provide a brief summary of the Sanger sequencing...Ch. 14 - Describe the structure and complementary base...Ch. 14 - Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome...Ch. 14 - How did the scientific community learn that DNA...Ch. 14 - Imagine the Meselson and Stahl experiments had...Ch. 14 - DNA replication is bidirectional and...Ch. 14 - What are Okazaki fragments and how they are...Ch. 14 - If the rate of replication in a particular...Ch. 14 - Explain the events taking place at the replication...Ch. 14 - What is the role of a primer in DNA replication?...Ch. 14 - Quinolone antibiotics treat bacterial infections...Ch. 14 - How do the linear chromosomes in eukaryotes ensure...Ch. 14 - What is the consequence of mutation of a mismatch...Ch. 14 - An adult with a history of tanning has his genome...
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- Which of the following statements about DNA replication is FALSE? Select one: Unwinding of the DNA molecule occurs as hydrogen bonds break. The new strand of DNA is synthesized from 5’ to 3’ direction. Replication occurs as each base is paired with the same base. In eukaryotes, replication can occur at numerous replication bubbles, each with two forks.arrow_forwardWhich of the following most correctly describes a process that occurs during DNA replication? Group of answer choices Replication of the lagging strand occurs in the 5' → 3' direction—the leading strand in the 3' → 5' direction. Replication is continuous on the lagging strand and discontinuous on the leading strand. Okazaki fragments are DNA fragments synthesized on the lagging strand. DNA polymerase adds dNTP monomers in the 3′–5′ direction. Replication is continuous on the lagging strand and discontinuous on the leading strand.arrow_forwardWhich of the following replication proteins is incorrectly paired with it’s function? DNA polymerase - adds nucleotides to the growing strand Single stranded binding proteins - hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated Ligase - enhances separation of DNA strands Topoisomerase - relieves torsional stress due to unwinding by the DNA Primase - synthesizes a short RNA sequence to initiate replicationarrow_forward
- Tabulate the differences of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic DNA replicationarrow_forwardWhich of the following replication mechanisms for circular DNA does not require DNA topoisomerase? rolling circle replication unidirectional semiconservative replication of antiparallel DNA bidirectional semiconservative replication of parallel DNA bidirectional semiconservative replication of antiparallel DNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about replication is false? The proofreading function of DNA polymerases involves 3’ 5’ exonuclease activity. Origins of replication are rich in G-C nucleotide pairs. A characteristic of aging cells is that telomeres become shorter. The lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction as the movement of the replication fork. DNA polymerase is more accurate that RNA polymerase.arrow_forward
- Semi-discontinuous replication means that: DNA synthesis only occurs in the same direction as the replication fork. the double helix unwinds and each strand serves as a template for a new DNA molecule. there are Okazaki fragments associated with the leading strand. DNA synthesis occurs in both a 5’ to 3’ and a 3’ to 5’ direction. there is both a leading and a lagging strand associated with each replication fork.arrow_forwardHow is bacterial DNA replication different from eukaryotic DNA replication? Multiple Choice The result of bacterial DNA replication is two new double stranded DNA molecules that each contain a template strand and a newly synthesized strand, while the result of eukaryotic DNA replication is one newly synthesized double stranded DNA molecule and one DNA molecule that was the original template. Bacterial DNA replication involves nucleotides that are not found in eukaryotic DNA replication. Bacterial DNA replication moves out from the origin of replication in two directions, while eukaryotic DNA replication moves out from the origin of replication in only one direction. Bacterial DNA replication only replicates small pieces of the chromosome, while eukaryotic DNA replication replicates the entire chromosome. Bacterial DNA replication begins at a single location on the chromosome, while eukaryotic DNA replication begins in many places dispersed throughout each…arrow_forwardIn what order does initiation of DNA replication proceed (from 1 = first to 4 = last)? DNA polymerase adds nucleotides DNA unwinds at the origin of replication Primase synthesizes RNA primers Helicase opens up replication forks, which extend in both directionsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements BEST describes the process of DNA Replication? Group of answer choices The two strands of the parental molecule separate and serves as template for synthesis of a new strand. Each new strand is identical to its template strand. Each strand of both daughter molecules contains a mixture of old and newly synthesized DNA. The two parental strands reassociate after acting as templates for new strands restoring the parental double helix.arrow_forwardHow is bacterial DNA replication similar to eukaryotic DNA replication? Multiple Choice Both bacterial and eukaryotic DNA replication have a single origin of replication. Both bacterial and eukaryotic DNA replication require telomerase. Both bacterial and eukaryotic DNA replication are semiconservative. Both bacterial and eukaryotic DNA replication result in one DNA double helix that was the template and one completely new DNA double helix. All of these are similarities between bacterial and eukaryotic DNA replication.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the process of DNA replication? (type 1, 2 or 3 in the blank) conservative model semi-conservative model dispersive model The model that best describes DNA replication essentially means the DNA is kept intact and a copy is made by enzymes the DNA is separated and a new daughter copy is paired to each parental strand the DNA is dispersed into small nucleotide segments and copied pieces are inserted into the gapsarrow_forward
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