Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 19RQ
The initial mechanism for repairing
- mismatch repair
- DNA polymerase proofreading
- nucleotide excision repair
- thymine dimers
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Match the DNA repair mechanism to the type of repair it fixes.
Base excision repair
DNA polymerase proofreading
Non-homolgous end-joining
Mismatch repair
Nucleotide excision repair
Double strand breaks
Mismatches in S-phase
Mismatches after S-phase, before M-phase
Mismatches in interphase
Thymidine Dimer
Double strand breaks
Mismatches in S-phase
Mismatches after S-phase, before…
Place the steps of base excision repair in order. Not all choices will be used.
hydrolyze base
First step
recognize incorrect base
separate strands
using helicase
hydrolyze incorrect
nucleotide
using endonuclease
fill in gap with
DNA polymerase
close DNA ends with
DNA ligase
Last step
Answer Bank
hydrolyze abasic nucleotide using endonuclease
Match the bold DNA repair response(s) to the triggering type of DNA damage.
Homologous Recombination
Mishmatch Repair
Base Excision Repair
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Non-homologous End Joining
Single-strand DNA breaks
Removal of repair lesions such as photoproducts caused by UV including Thymine dimers
Double-Strand Break repair mechanism which is an accurate repair mechanism without any introduction of insertions or deletions. It requires a sister chromatid as a template.
This repair mechanism uses just DNA glycosylase to remove Uracil (no other enzymes or complexes are required) then DNA polymerase can use the template stand to add the complementary base where the Uracil has been removedInterstrand Crosslink Repair
This repair mechanism is used to recognize and repair mis-incorporation of base that can arise during DNA replication.
Removal and replacement of modifying bases such as Uracil, 8-hyroxyguanine and others.
Double-strand Break that is termed as “Quick and Dirty” as it is…
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 14 - Figure 14.10 In eukaryotic cells, DNA and RNA...Ch. 14 - Figure 14.14 You isolate a cell strain in which...Ch. 14 - Figure 14.21 A fr am eshift mutation that results...Ch. 14 - If DNA of a particular species was analyzed and it...Ch. 14 - The experiments by Hershey and Chase helped...Ch. 14 - Bacterial transformation is a major concern in...Ch. 14 - DNA double helix does not have which of the...Ch. 14 - In eukaryotes, what is the DNA wrapped around?...Ch. 14 - Meselson and Stahl's experiments proved that DNA...Ch. 14 - If the sequence of the 5'-3' strand is AATGCTAC,...
Ch. 14 - How did Meselson and Stahl support Watson and...Ch. 14 - Which of the following components is not involved...Ch. 14 - Which of the following does the enzyme primase...Ch. 14 - In which direction does DNA replication take...Ch. 14 - A scientist randomly mutates the DNA of a...Ch. 14 - The ends of the linear chromosomes are maintained...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is not a true statement...Ch. 14 - During proofreading, which of the following...Ch. 14 - The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide...Ch. 14 - A scientist creates fruit fly larvae with a...Ch. 14 - Explain Griffith's transformation experiments What...Ch. 14 - Why were radioactive sulfur and phosphorous used...Ch. 14 - When Chargaffwas performing his experiments, the...Ch. 14 - Provide a brief summary of the Sanger sequencing...Ch. 14 - Describe the structure and complementary base...Ch. 14 - Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome...Ch. 14 - How did the scientific community learn that DNA...Ch. 14 - Imagine the Meselson and Stahl experiments had...Ch. 14 - DNA replication is bidirectional and...Ch. 14 - What are Okazaki fragments and how they are...Ch. 14 - If the rate of replication in a particular...Ch. 14 - Explain the events taking place at the replication...Ch. 14 - What is the role of a primer in DNA replication?...Ch. 14 - Quinolone antibiotics treat bacterial infections...Ch. 14 - How do the linear chromosomes in eukaryotes ensure...Ch. 14 - What is the consequence of mutation of a mismatch...Ch. 14 - An adult with a history of tanning has his genome...
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- Describe the role of the proteins involved with DNA replication. Also identify if the protein is involved the leading strand, lagging strand or both. DNA Ligase DNA Polymerase I DNA Polymerase III Helicase Primase Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins Topoisomerasearrow_forwardWhich of the following plays a role in repairing thymine dimers by reversing the damage caused by UV light exposure in bacteria? base excision repair photoreactivation enzyme postreplication repair non-homologous end-joining repair DNA polymerase proofreadingarrow_forwardDescribe how replication makes copies of DNA. Include the following: helicase polymerase primase and primer ligase leading strand lagging strand base pairing rule (a-t, c-g) nucelotide nucleus semiconservativearrow_forward
- What is an advantage and a disadvantage of this repair system?arrow_forwardWhich of the following DNA repair mechanisms involves the 3’ to 5’ exonuclease function of DNA polymerase? postreplication repair mismatch repair SOS response DNA proofreading base excision repairarrow_forwardWhich of the following enzymes ensures that the correct base of a deoxynucleotide for growing the chain is aligned with template chain? DNA gyrases DNA ligases DNA polymerases primasesarrow_forward
- Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms involves the 3' to 5' exonuciease function of DNA polymerase? mismatch repair postreplication repair SOS response DNA proofreading base excision repairarrow_forwardWhich of the following DNA repair mechanisms relies on homologous DNA recombination for the repair process? base excision repair DNA proofreading postreplication repair mismatch repair SOS responsearrow_forwardWhich of the following is matched correctly? DNA helicase: unwinds DNA prior to transcription DNA polymerase: adds RNA nucleotides during transcription DNA polymerase: adds DNA nucleotides during replication RNA polymerase: adds RNA nucleotides during translation All of the above are correctly matchedarrow_forward
- Which of the following enzymes can break, and rejoin, phosphodiester bonds during the normal DNA replication process in the chromosomes of E. coli cells? single-stranded binding proteins RNA polymerase topoisomerase DNA helicase DNA ligasearrow_forwardCircle the following elements that are directly involved in DNA replication process DNA helicase RNA primase Sliding clamp DNA polymerase DNA ligasearrow_forwardWhich DNA repair mechanisms makes use of recombination between a damaged strand of a DNA molecule and an undamaged strand? Group of answer choices postreplication repair nucleotide excision repair antioxidant repair mismatch repair all of these are DNA repair mechanismsarrow_forward
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