General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305580343
Author: Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13.8, Problem 13.12E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The rate law has to be predicted by the mechanism.
Concept Introduction:
Rate law can be determined by the slow step or otherwise called as rate-determining step.
To predict the rate law
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For the reaction NO 2 (g) + CO (g) → CO 2 (g) + NO (g) The following three reaction mechanisms have been proposed:
Mechanism 1 :Step 1 NO 2 + CO → CO 2 + NO
Mechanism 2:
Step 1 NO 2 + NO 2 → NO + NO 3 (slow)
Step 2 NO 3 + CO → NO 2 + CO 2 (fast)
Mechanism 3:
Step 1 NO 2 + NO 2 ⇌ NO + NO 3 (reversible, both forward and reverse reactions are fast, equilibrium)
Step 2 NO 3 + CO → NO 2 + CO 2 (slow)
Which mechanism(s) matches the following experimentally determined rate equation rate = k[NO 2 ] 2 ? Explain.
a) Consider the first order decomposition reaction: C → A + B By analyzing the concentration of C, you determine that it requires 10 minutes for the concentration to be decreased by 50%. What is the rate constant for this reaction? According to this result, how long would it take for the C concentration to be reduced by 90%? b) For the reaction: Zn2+(aq) + 4 OH−(aq) ⇌ Zn(OH)4 2−(aq) The formation constant, Kf, for Zn(OH)4 2− (aq) is 2.0 × 1020 . We add 0.0333 mol of Zn(NO3)2 to 1,000 L of a NaOH solution with a pH of 13.66. The volume remains fixed at 1,000 L. At equilibrium, what are the concentrations of Zn2+(aq), OH−(aq) and Zn(OH)4 2− (aq)? The temperature is 25.0◦C.
Nitryl chloride (NO2Cl) decomposes to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and chlorine gas (Cl2) according to the following mechanism:1. 2NO2 Cl(g) ⇌ ClO2(g) + N2 O(g) + ClO(g) (fast, k1 represents the rate constant for the forward reaction and k−1 the rate constant for the reverse reaction)2. N2 O(g) + ClO2(g) ⇌ NO2(g) + NOCl(g) (fast, k2 for the forward reaction, k−2 for the reverse reaction)3. NOCl + ClO ⟶ NO2 + Cl2 (slow, k3 the rate constant for the forward reaction)Determine the overall reaction, write the rate law expression for each elementary reaction, identify any intermediates, and determine the overall rate law expression.
Chapter 13 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13.1 - For the reaction given in Example 13.1, how is the...Ch. 13.1 - Iodide ion is oxidized by hypochlorite ion in...Ch. 13.1 - Shown here is a plot of the concentration of a...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.3ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 13.2CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 13.4ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 13.3CCCh. 13.4 - a. What would be the concentration of dinitrogen...Ch. 13.4 - The isomerization of cyclopropane, C3H6, to...Ch. 13.4 - A reaction believed to be either first or second...
Ch. 13.5 - Consider the following potential-energy curves for...Ch. 13.6 - Acetaldehyde, CH3CHO, decomposes when heated....Ch. 13.7 - Prob. 13.8ECh. 13.7 - Prob. 13.9ECh. 13.7 - Prob. 13.10ECh. 13.8 - The iodide-ion-catalyzed decomposition of hydrogen...Ch. 13.8 - Prob. 13.12ECh. 13.8 - Prob. 13.6CCCh. 13 - List the four variables or factors that can affect...Ch. 13 - Define the rate of reaction of HBr in the...Ch. 13 - Give at least two physical properties that might...Ch. 13 - A rate of reaction depends on four variables...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.5QPCh. 13 - The reaction...Ch. 13 - The rate of a reaction is quadrupled when the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.8QPCh. 13 - The reaction A(g)B(g)+C(g) is known to be first...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.10QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.11QPCh. 13 - Sketch a potential-energy diagram for the...Ch. 13 - Draw a structural formula for the activated...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.14QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.15QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.16QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.17QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.18QPCh. 13 - The dissociation of N2O4 into NO2, N2O4(g)2NO2(g)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.20QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.21QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.22QPCh. 13 - You are running the reaction 2A+BC+3D. Your lab...Ch. 13 - At a constant temperature, which of the following...Ch. 13 - Consider the reaction E+FG+H, which has the...Ch. 13 - The hypothetical reaction A+B+CD+E has the rate...Ch. 13 - Kinetics I Consider the hypothetical reaction A(g)...Ch. 13 - Kinetics II You and a friend are working together...Ch. 13 - Consider the reaction 3A2B+C. a One rate...Ch. 13 - Given the reaction 2A+BC+3D, can you write the...Ch. 13 - The reaction 2A(g)A2(g) is being run in each of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.32QPCh. 13 - You perform some experiments for the reaction AB+C...Ch. 13 - A friend of yours runs a reaction and generates...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.35QPCh. 13 - You carry out the following reaction by...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.37QPCh. 13 - The chemical reaction AB+C has a rate constant...Ch. 13 - Relate the rate of decomposition of NH4NO2 to the...Ch. 13 - For the reaction of hydrogen with iodine...Ch. 13 - To obtain the rate of the reaction...Ch. 13 - To obtain the rate of the reaction...Ch. 13 - Ammonium nitrite, NH4NO2, decomposes in solution,...Ch. 13 - Iron(III) chloride is reduced by tin(II) chloride....Ch. 13 - Azomethane, CH3NNCH3, decomposes according to the...Ch. 13 - Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, decomposes upon heating to...Ch. 13 - Hydrogen sulfide is oxidized by chlorine in...Ch. 13 - For the reaction of nitrogen monoxide, NO, with...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.49QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.50QPCh. 13 - In experiments on the decomposition of azomethane....Ch. 13 - Ethylene oxide. C2H4O, decomposes when heated to...Ch. 13 - Nitrogen monoxide NO, reacts with hydrogen to give...Ch. 13 - In a kinetic study of the reaction...Ch. 13 - Chlorine dioxide, ClO2, is a reddish-yellow gas...Ch. 13 - Iodide ion is oxidized to hypoiodite ion, IO, by...Ch. 13 - Sulfuryl chloride, SO2Cl2, decomposes when heated....Ch. 13 - Cyclopropane, C3H6, is converted to its isomer...Ch. 13 - A reaction of the form aA Products is second-order...Ch. 13 - A reaction of the form aA Products is second order...Ch. 13 - Ethyl chloride, CH3CH2Cl, used to produce...Ch. 13 - Cyclobutane, C4H8, consisting of molecules in...Ch. 13 - Methyl isocyanide, CH3NC, isomerizes, when heated,...Ch. 13 - Dinitrogen pentoxide, N2O5, decomposes when heated...Ch. 13 - In the presence of excess thiocyanate ion, SCN,...Ch. 13 - In the presence of excess thiocyanate ion, SCN,...Ch. 13 - A reaction of the form aA Products is second order...Ch. 13 - A reaction of the form aA Products is second order...Ch. 13 - In the presence of excess thiocyanate ion, SCN,...Ch. 13 - In the presence of excess thiocyanate ion, SCN,...Ch. 13 - It is found that a gas undergoes a zero-order...Ch. 13 - The reaction AB+C is found to be zero order. 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