Organic And Biological Chemistry
Organic And Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305081079
Author: STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.20EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To identify the name of the missing substance in the following word equation.

Glucose 6phosphatePhosphoglucoisomerase?_

Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes. In glycolysis, each step is catalyzed by enzymes.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.20EP , additional homework tip  1

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To identify the name of the missing substance in the following word equation.

?Aldolasedihydroxyacetone phosphate+glyceraldehyde 3phosphate

Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes. The process of glycolysis is a ten-step process in which each step is catalyzed by enzymes.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.20EP , additional homework tip  2

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the cleavage reaction, the carbon-carbon bond is cleaved to form a new bond between carbon and oxygen atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To identify the name of the missing substance in the following word equation.

Phosphoenolpyruvate+?_Pyruvate kinasePyruvate+ATP

Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.20EP , additional homework tip  3

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the phosphorylation reaction, the molecule is attached to the phosphoryl group. The transfer of a phosphoryl group (PO32) is catalyzed by the kinase enzymes. In the glycolysis process, the phosphate group comes from ATP, ADP or some higher energetic phosphate molecules.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To identify the name of the missing substance in the following word equation.

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate?_Glyceraldehyde 3phosphate

Concept introduction: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down a glucose molecule and converts it into two pyruvate molecules along with the production of two ATP molecules and NADH reduced coenzymes.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.20EP , additional homework tip  4

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the isomerization reaction, a molecule transformed itself to another molecule, having the same number of atoms with a different arrangement.

Enzymes are defined as specialized proteins that act as biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate the biochemical reactions to produce the substances that are needed for cells for their proper functioning and are very specific to their action.

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Chapter 13 Solutions

Organic And Biological Chemistry

Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 6QQCh. 13.2 - Prob. 7QQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.3 - Accumulation of which of the following substances...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.4 - The net yield of ATP for the complete oxidation of...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.6 - Which of the following statements about ATP...Ch. 13.6 - Which of the following substances are participants...Ch. 13.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.9 - Which of the following hormones promotes the...Ch. 13.9 - Which of the following pairs of hormones increases...Ch. 13.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13 - Where does carbohydrate digestion begin in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.2EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.3EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.4EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.5EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.6EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.7EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.8EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.9EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.10EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.11EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.12EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.13EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.14EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.15EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.16EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.17EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.18EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.19EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.20EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.21EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.22EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.23EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.24EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.25EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.26EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.27EPCh. 13 - Why is Step 3 of glycolysis called the commitment...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.29EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.30EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.31EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.32EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.33EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.34EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.35EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.36EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.37EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.38EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.39EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.40EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.41EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.42EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.43EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.44EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.45EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.46EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.47EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.48EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.49EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.50EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.51EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.52EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.53EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.54EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.55EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.56EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.57EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.58EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.59EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.60EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.61EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.62EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.63EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.64EPCh. 13 - What is the difference between the processing of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.66EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.67EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.68EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.69EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.70EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.71EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.72EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.73EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.74EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.75EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.76EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.77EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.78EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.79EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.80EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.81EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.82EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.83EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.84EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.85EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.86EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.87EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.88EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.89EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.90EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.91EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.92EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.93EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.94EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.95EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.96EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.97EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.98EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.99EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.100EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.101EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.102EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.103EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.104EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.105EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.106EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.107EPCh. 13 - What effect does insulin have on blood-glucose...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.109EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.110EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.111EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.112EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.113EPCh. 13 - What is the relationship between cAMP and the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.115EPCh. 13 - Compare the biological functions of glucagon and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.117EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.118EP
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