To indicate whether the intermediate 2 − Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C 6 molecule or a C 3 molecule. Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate. The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows: From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present. a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage ( C 6 stage ) . b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage ( C 3 stage ) . In the C 6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C 6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates. In the C 3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C 3 molecules.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

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Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

Answer 8

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Answer 9

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 10

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 2−Phosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 2

Here, Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 3 denotes the PO32− unit.

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Answer 13

Conclusion

The intermediate 2−Phosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. 2−Phosphoglycerate contains three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Answer 14

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Answer 15

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

Answer 16

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is a C3 molecule.

Answer 17

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 18

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

The structure of 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 5

The intermediate 1,3−biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Answer 21

Conclusion

The intermediate 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate is formed in the C3 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glycerate. Three carbon atoms are present in 1,3−Biphosphoglycerate. Therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

Answer 22

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

Answer 23

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

Answer 24

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Answer 25

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 26

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 27

Expert Solution

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

The structure of glucose 6−phosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 7

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Therefore, the intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is a C6 molecule.

Answer 29

Conclusion

The intermediate glucose 6−phosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of glucose. Six carbon atoms are present in glucose 6−phosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

Answer 30

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.

Answer 31

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate in the glycolysis pathway is a C6 molecule or a C3 molecule.

Concept introduction: In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules. Two ATP molecules and NADH coenzymes are produced along with pyruvate.

The block diagram to represent an overview of glycolysis is as follows:

From the above diagram, it is concluded that in the overall process of glycolysis, two stages are present.

a) Steps 1 to 3 represents a six-carbon stage (C6 stage).

b) Steps 4 to 10 represent a three-carbon stage (C3 stage).

In the C6 stage, the intermediates are derivatives of either glucose or fructose. Glucose and fructose contain six carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C6 molecules. The phosphate groups are present in the intermediates.

In the C3 stage, the intermediates are phosphorylated derivatives of glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, glycerate, or dihydroxyacetone, which are derivatives of either acetone or glycerol. Acetone and glycerol contain three carbon atoms. Therefore, they are C3 molecules.

Answer 32

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 13.10EP

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Answer 33

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 34

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

Explanation of Solution

The structure of fructose 1,6−biphosphate is as follows:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.10EP , additional homework tip 9

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Therefore, the intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is a C6 molecule.

Answer 37

Conclusion

The intermediate fructose 1,6−biphosphate is formed in the C6 stage and it is the phosphorylated derivative of fructose. Six carbon atoms are present in fructose 1,6−biphosphate. Therefore, it is a C6 molecule.