Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780073398174
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12.6, Problem 16P
To determine
The relation
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C
A cylindrical piece of steel 38 mm (1½ in.) in
diameter is to be quenched in moderately agi-
tated oil. Surface and center hardnesses must be
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1040, 5140, 4340, 4140, and 8640? Justify your
choice(s).
Using the isothermal transformation diagram for a 1.13 wt% C steel alloy (Figure 10.39),
determine the final microstructure (in terms of just the microconstituents present) of a small
specimen that has been subjected to the following time-temperature treatments. In each case
assume that the specimen begins at 920°C (1690°F) and that it has been held at this
temperature long enough to have achieved a complete and homogeneous austenitic structure.
(a) Rapidly cool to 250°C (480°F), hold for 103 s, then quench to room temperature.
(b) Rapidly cool to 775°C (1430°F), hold for 500 s, then quench to room temperature.
(c) Rapidly cool to 400°C (750°F), hold for 500 s, then quench to room temperature.
(d) Rapidly cool to 700°C (1290°F), hold at this temperature for 105 s, then quench to room
temperature.
(e) Rapidly cool to 650°C (1200°F), hold at this temperature for 3 s, rapidly cool to 400°C
(750°F), hold for 25 s, then quench to room temperature.
(f) Rapidly cool to 350°C (660°F), hold for…
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 12.6 - What is the difference between partial...Ch. 12.6 - Consider a function z(x, y) and its partial...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 3PCh. 12.6 - Conside the function z(x, y), its partial...Ch. 12.6 - Consider air at 350 K and 0.75 m3/kg. Using Eq....Ch. 12.6 - Consider air at 350 K and 0.75 m3/kg. Using Eq....Ch. 12.6 - 12–7 Nitrogen gas at 400 K and 300 kPa behaves as...Ch. 12.6 - Nitrogen gas at 800 R and 50 psia behaves as an...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 9PCh. 12.6 - Using the equation of state P(v a) = RT, verify...
Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 11PCh. 12.6 - Verify the validity of the last Maxwell relation...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 14PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 15PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 16PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 17PCh. 12.6 - Prove that (PT)=kk1(PT)v.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 19PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 20PCh. 12.6 - Using the Clapeyron equation, estimate the...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 22PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 12.6 - Determine the hfg of refrigerant-134a at 10F on...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 25PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 26PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 27PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 28PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 29PCh. 12.6 - 12–30 Show that =
Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 31PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 32PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 33PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 34PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 35PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 36PCh. 12.6 - Determine the change in the internal energy of...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 38PCh. 12.6 - Determine the change in the entropy of helium, in...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 40PCh. 12.6 - Derive expressions for (a) u, (b) h, and (c) s for...Ch. 12.6 - Derive an expression for the specific heat...Ch. 12.6 - Show that cpcv=T(PT)V(VT)P.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 44PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 45PCh. 12.6 - Derive an expression for the specific heat...Ch. 12.6 - Derive an expression for the isothermal...Ch. 12.6 - Show that = ( P/ T)v.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 49PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 50PCh. 12.6 - Show that the enthalpy of an ideal gas is a...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 52PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 53PCh. 12.6 - The pressure of a fluid always decreases during an...Ch. 12.6 - Does the Joule-Thomson coefficient of a substance...Ch. 12.6 - Will the temperature of helium change if it is...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 59PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 60PCh. 12.6 - 12–61E Estimate the Joule-Thomson-coefficient of...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 62PCh. 12.6 - Consider a gas whose equation of state is P(v a)...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 64PCh. 12.6 - On the generalized enthalpy departure chart, the...Ch. 12.6 - Why is the generalized enthalpy departure chart...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 67PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 68PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 69PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 70PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 71PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 72PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 73PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 75PCh. 12.6 - Propane is compressed isothermally by a...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 78PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 80RPCh. 12.6 - Starting with the relation dh = T ds + vdP, show...Ch. 12.6 - Show that cv=T(vT)s(PT)vandcp=T(PT)s(vT)PCh. 12.6 - Temperature and pressure may be defined as...Ch. 12.6 - For ideal gases, the development of the...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 85RPCh. 12.6 - For a homogeneous (single-phase) simple pure...Ch. 12.6 - For a homogeneous (single-phase) simple pure...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 88RPCh. 12.6 - Estimate the cpof nitrogen at 300 kPa and 400 K,...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 90RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 91RPCh. 12.6 - An adiabatic 0.2-m3 storage tank that is initially...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 93RPCh. 12.6 - Methane is to be adiabatically and reversibly...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 96RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 98RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 99RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 100FEPCh. 12.6 - Consider the liquidvapor saturation curve of a...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 102FEPCh. 12.6 - For a gas whose equation of state is P(v b) = RT,...
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