Chapter 12.11, Problem 1QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of different three-carbon and four-carbon alkyl groups has to be chosen from the given options.

Concept Introduction:

Alkyl groups are named according to IUPAC nomenclature.  The name is obtained considering the parent alkane name and replacing “-ane” with “-yl”.  In naming branched chain alkyl groups, this becomes little complicated.  Hence, IUPAC system for giving name to such larger groups names them by considering as if they were themselves a separate compound.  Three rules are followed while naming the larger groups.

Rule 1:

Longest continuous chain which begins at the point of attachment of the alkyl group becomes the base name for the alkyl group.

Rule 2:

Base chain that is identified is numbered in a way beginning at the point of attachment.

Rule 3:

The substituents that are present in the base chain is listed in alphabetical order using the locant as prefixes whenever necessary.