Chapter 12, Problem 12.40EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The condensed structural formula has to be drawn for the given compounds without parentheses.

Concept Introduction:

The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D.  In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn.  They are,

• Expanded structural formula
• Condensed structural formula
• Skeletal structural formula
• Line-angle structural formula

Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.

Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.

Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.

Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.

In condensed structural formula for alkanes, the repeating ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group can be represented using parentheses and subscript.  Subscript here represents the number of times the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group is repeated in a continuous chain.

The condensed structural formula for branched chain alkane can be entered using parentheses to give a linear (straight-line) condensed structural formula.  Groups in parentheses are understood that it is attached to the carbon atom that precedes the group.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The condensed structural formula has to be drawn for the given compounds without parentheses.

Concept Introduction:

The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D.  In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn.  They are,

• Expanded structural formula
• Condensed structural formula
• Skeletal structural formula
• Line-angle structural formula

Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.

Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.

Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.

Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.

In condensed structural formula for alkanes, the repeating ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group can be represented using parentheses and subscript.  Subscript here represents the number of times the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group is repeated in a continuous chain.

The condensed structural formula for branched chain alkane can be entered using parentheses to give a linear (straight-line) condensed structural formula.  Groups in parentheses are understood that it is attached to the carbon atom that precedes the group.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The condensed structural formula has to be drawn for the given compounds without parentheses.

Concept Introduction:

The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D.  In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn.  They are,

• Expanded structural formula
• Condensed structural formula
• Skeletal structural formula
• Line-angle structural formula

Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.

Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.

Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.

Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.

In condensed structural formula for alkanes, the repeating ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group can be represented using parentheses and subscript.  Subscript here represents the number of times the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group is repeated in a continuous chain.

The condensed structural formula for branched chain alkane can be entered using parentheses to give a linear (straight-line) condensed structural formula.  Groups in parentheses are understood that it is attached to the carbon atom that precedes the group.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The condensed structural formula has to be drawn for the given compounds without parentheses.

Concept Introduction:

The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D.  In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn.  They are,

• Expanded structural formula
• Condensed structural formula
• Skeletal structural formula
• Line-angle structural formula

Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.

Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.

Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.

Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.

In condensed structural formula for alkanes, the repeating ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group can be represented using parentheses and subscript.  Subscript here represents the number of times the ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$ group is repeated in a continuous chain.

The condensed structural formula for branched chain alkane can be entered using parentheses to give a linear (straight-line) condensed structural formula.  Groups in parentheses are understood that it is attached to the carbon atom that precedes the group.