Chapter 12, Problem 35A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The variation of temperature with kinetic energy of particles needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

In kinetic molecular theory, the average kinetic energy depends on temperature.

Answer to Problem 35A

On the basis of kinetic theory of gases, kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.

Explanation of Solution

Average kinetic energy is given by formula,

$K.E.=\frac{3}{2}RT$.... (i)

Where R is universal gas constant and T is temperature is Kelvin. Equation (i) shows that kinetic energy depends upon temperature and directly proportional to it. In this theory, an increase in temperature will increase the average kinetic energy of molecule. At high temperature, it performs random motion of the particles.