Chapter 11, Problem 20Q

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The definition for amide functional group has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Amide is an organic compound in which a carbonyl group $C=O$ bonded to a nitrogen atom.

There are primary, secondary and tertiary amides and this classification is based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the nitrogen atom.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Protein and nylon  has to be compared and comntrasted in terms of (i) the functional group present on the monomers and (ii) the variety of different proteins as compared to that of different nylons.

Concept introduction:

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules which are determine the characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Nylon:

• • Nylon is a polyamide and is formed from the polymerization of 6-aminohexanoic acid and hence it is called nylon-6.
• • Caprolactam is used as the starting material for the commercial synthesis of nylon 6
• • Polyamide belongs to the class of step-growth polymer.

Proteins:

Amino acids are the molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic group, and a side-chain that is specific to each amino acid. They are the basic structural building units of protein and other biomolecules.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.