Exhaust gas from a furnace is used to preheat the combustion air supplied to the furnace burners. The gas,which has a flow rate of 15 kg/s and an inlet temperatureof 1100 K, passes through a bundle of tubes, while theair, which has a how rate of 10 kg/s and an inlet temperature of 300 K, is in cross flow over the tubes. Thetubes are unfinned, and the overall heat transfer coefficient is
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- Water flowing in a long, aluminum lube is to be heated by air flowing perpendicular to the exterior of the tube. The ID of the tube is 1.85 cm, and its OD is 2.3 cm. The mass flow rate of the water through the tube is 0.65kg/s, and the temperature of the water in the lube averages 30C. The free-stream velocity and ambient temperature of the air are 10m/sand120C, respectively. Estimate the overall heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchanger using appropriate correlations from previous chapters. State all your assumptions.arrow_forward7.43 Liquid sodium is to be heated from 500 K to 600 K by passing it at a flow rate of 5.0 kg/s through a 5-cmID tube whose surface is maintained at 620 K. What length of tube is required?arrow_forwardDetermine the rate of heat transfer per meter length to a light oil flowing through a 2.5-cm-ID, 60-cm-long copper tube at a velocity of 0.03 m/s. The oil enters the tube at 16C, and the tube is heated by steam condensing on its outer surface at atmospheric pressure with a heat transfer coefficient of 11.3 kW/m K. The properties of the oil at various temperatures are listed in the following table: Temperature, T(C) 15 30 40 65 100 (kg/m3) 912 912 896 880 864 c(kJ/kgK) 1.80 1.84 1.925 2.0 2.135 k(W/mK) 0.133 0.133 0.131 0.129 0.128 (kg/ms) 0.089 0.0414 0.023 0.00786 0.0033 Pr 1204 573 338 122 55arrow_forward
- 6.3 Steam at 100 kPa and is flowing across a 5-cm- OD tube at a velocity of 6 m/s. Estimate the Nusselt number, the heat transfer coefficient, and the rate of heat transfer per meter length of pipe if the pipe is at .arrow_forwardfind: 1. The average heat transfer coefficient 2. The number of tubes needed to achieve the indicated heat transfer rate in the condenserarrow_forwardEngine oil (c_p=2100 J/(kg-K) ) is heated from 25 °C to 70 °C. The oil flows at a rate 0.5kgsec in a 2cm diameter thin walled copper tube. The oil is heated by condensing steam at 100oCon the outside of the 2cm tube in a counter-flow heat exchanger. The latent heat of vaporization for the steam is h_fg=2257kJkg. The overall heat transfer coefficient is U=1000WM2K, based on the 2cm diameter thin walled copper tube area. A) Find the overall heat transfer rate to the oil. B) Find the log-mean temperature difference.arrow_forward
- 5. Hot exhaust gases, which enter a finned-tube, cross-flow heat exchanger at 300 °C and leave at 100 °C, are used to heat pressurized water at a flow rate of 1 kg/s from 35 °C 125 °C. The specific heat of water at the average water temperature is 4197 J/kg. K. The overall heat transfer coefficient based on the gas-side surface area is Uh = 100 W/m².K. Determine the required gas-side surface area A₁ using the LMTD and & -NTU method.arrow_forwardA feed-water heater that supplies a boiler consists of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with one shell and two tube passes. One hundred thin-walled tubes each have a diameter of 20 mm pass and a length (per pass) of 2 m. Under normal operating conditions water enters the tubes at 10 kg/s and 290 K and is heated by condensing saturated steam at 1 atm on the outer surface of the tubes. The convection coefficient of the saturated steam is 10,000 W/m2 K. Please use NTU method to determine the water outlet temperature. Hint: (1) please use the Dittus-Boelter correlation to determine the internal convection coefficient h;; (2) Assuming thin wall tubes and ignore the conduction resistance of the tube walls; (3) Please use Table A.6 to obtain all thermo-physical properties; (4) based on Table 11.3, choose an appropriate equation to obtain ɛ from NTU. TABLE 11.3 Heat Exchanger Effectiveness Relations [5] Flow Arrangement Relation 1- exp[-NTU(1 + C)] 1+C, Parallel ow (11.28a) 1- exp[-NTU(1 – C)]…arrow_forwardIn a chemical plant a solution of density 1100 kg/m' and specific heat capacity 4.6 kJ/kg K is to be heated from 65 "C to 100 "C; the required flow rate of solution is 11.8 kg/s. It is desired to use a tubular heat exchanger, the solution flowing at about 1.2 m/s in 25 mm bore iron tubes, and being heated by wet steam at 115°C. The length of the tubes must not exceed 3.5 m. Taking the inside and outside heat transfer coefficients as 5 and 10 kW/m K, and neglecting the thermal resistance of the tube wall, estimate the number of tubes and the number of tube passes required. 16.25arrow_forward
- How does a cross-flow heat exchanger differ from a counter-flow one? What is the difference between mixed and unmixed fluids in cross-flow?arrow_forward5. Hot exhaust gases, which enter a finned-tube, cross-flow heat exchanger at 300 °C and leave at 100 °C, are used to heat pressurized water at a flow rate of 1 kg/s from 35 °C 125 °C. The specific heat of water at the average water temperature is 4197 J/kg. K. The overall heat transfer coefficient based on the gas-side surface area is U₁ = 100 W/m².K. Determine the required gas-side surface area A₁ using the LMTD and & -NTU method.arrow_forwardA heat recovery device involves transferring energy from the hot flue gases passing through an annular region to pressurized water flowing through the inner tube of the annulus. The inner tube has inner and outer diameters of 24 and 30 mm and is connected by 8 struts to an insulated outer tube of 40-mm diameter. Each strut is 3 mm thick and is integrally fabricated with the inner tube from carbon steel (k = 50W/m-K). E1 = 3 mm D. Water Gas Consider conditions for which water at 300 K flows through the inner tube at 0.161 kg/s while flue gases at 800 K flow through the annulus, maintaining a convection coefficient of 100 W/m2-K on both the struts and the outer surface of the inner tube. What is the rate of heat transfer per unit length of tube from gas to the water? Use the Dittus-Boelter equation to obtain the water-side convection coefficient. Determine the rate of heat transfer per unit length of tube from gas to the water, in W/m. i W/m Physical Properties Mathematical Functionsarrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning