Concept explainers
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(a)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structures are not resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of the given pair are shown below:
The two structures have completely different carbon skeleton. The first one has a six membered ring while the second has a seven membered ring. Since these two structures do not have the same position of the atoms, they cannot be resonance structures.
From the position of atoms and electrons, it is found that the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
(b)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is not resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of the given pair are shown below:
In these two structures, the position of the hydrogen atoms is not the same. Hence, these structures cannot be resonance structures of each other.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
(c)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of the given pair are as shown below.
To obtain the second resonance structure, two curved arrows are drawn and the electrons are moved accordingly. The two structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Therefore, the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
(d)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of the given pair are shown below:
To obtain the second resonance structure, two curved arrows are drawn and the valence electrons are moved accordingly. Similarly, to arrive at the third resonance structure, two curved arrows are drawn and valence electrons are moved accordingly. The resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Therefore, the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
(e)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of the given pair are shown below:
To obtain the second resonance structure, a curved arrow is drawn and the valence electrons are moved accordingly. Similarly, to arrive at the third resonance structure, two curved arrows are drawn and valence electrons are moved accordingly. The resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Therefore, the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
(f)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is not resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of the given pair is as follows:
Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. In the given pair, the placement of electrons is the same. Therefore, the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
(g)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is not resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of the given pair is as follows:
Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. In the given pair, the placement of electrons is the same. Therefore, the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is resonance structures of one another.
(h)
Interpretation:
It is to be determined if the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
Concept introduction:
Resonance exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. Resonance stabilization is usually high when the resonance contributors are equivalent. More the number of the resonance contributors, the more is the resonance stabilization.
Answer to Problem 1.75P
The given structure is not resonance structures of one another.
Explanation of Solution
The structure of the given pair is as follows:
Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their electrons, not their atoms. In the given pair, the placement of electrons is different; at the same time, one H atom changes its position. Therefore, the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
From the position of atoms and valence electrons, it is found that the given pair is not resonance structures of one another.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
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