
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.

Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given atom is sodium. The electronic configuration of sodium is,
It belongs to the group (IA) of the periodic table. Therefore, it has one valence electron.
Sodium has one valence electron.
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.

Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given atom is calcium. The electronic configuration of calcium is,
It belongs to the group (IIA) of the periodic table. Therefore, it has two valence electrons.
Calcium has two valence electrons.
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.

Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given ion is oxide ion. The electronic configuration of
Now, the electronic configuration of
Oxygen belongs to the group (VIA) of the periodic table and with six valence electrons tends to gain two electrons to complete its octet and form the oxide ion,
The ion,
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.

Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given ion is
Now, the electronic configuration of
Bromine belongs to the group (VIIA) of the periodic table and with seven valence electrons tends to lose an electron to form the ion,
The ion,
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Name the major organic product of the following action of 4-chloro-4-methyl-1-pentanol in neutral pollution 10+ Now the product. The product has a molecular formula f b. In a singly hain, the starting, material again converts into a secule with the molecular kormula CIO. but with comply Draw the major organic structure inhalationarrow_forwardMacmillan Learning Alcohols can be oxidized by chromic acid derivatives. One such reagent is pyridinium chlorochromate, (C,H,NH*)(CICTO3), commonly known as PCC. Draw the proposed (neutral) intermediate and the organic product in the oxidation of 1-butanol by PCC when carried out in an anhydrous solvent such as CH₂C₁₂. PCC Intermediate OH CH2Cl2 Draw the intermediate. Select Draw Templates More с H Cr о Product Draw the product. Erase Select Draw Templates More H о Erasearrow_forwardIf I have 1-bromopropene, to obtain compound A, I have to add NaOH and another compound. Indicate which compound that would be. A C6H5 CH3arrow_forward
- Provide the reagents for the following reactions.arrow_forwardIf I have 1-bromopropene, to obtain compound Z, I have to add two compounds A1 and A2. Indicate which compounds are needed. P(C6H5)3arrow_forwardDraw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Assume that the water side product is continuously removed to drive the reaction toward products. O CH3CH2NH2, TSOH Select to Draw >arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
